States claim to have authority over prospective immigrants who not yet been admitted but are nonetheless expected comply with immigration law. But what could ground such an claim? The service conception of defended by Raz appears apply in this case. Nor can it be argued that give their consent the state applying for admission. Another approach appeals practice reciprocity between states respect...

Using the 1957-2004 data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, we explore the effect of job authority in 1993 (at age 54) on the change in depressive symptoms between 1993 and 2004 (age 65) among white men and women. Within-gender comparisons indicate that women with job authority (defined as control over others' work) exhibit more depressive symptoms than women without job authority, whereas ...

conformity of miracle of every prophet with the prevailing art and occupation of every time is a well-known matter among scholars. such a theme is narrated for the first time through a chain of transmitters from the 10th shi‘a imam (al-hadi), though it is attributed to the 8th imam (al-rida). as the chain of transmission of the hadith is poor, investigation of its theme is necessary. in this ha...