Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a very aggressive and lethal tumor, which arises from the epithelial cells of bile ducts. CCA comprises about 3% of all gastrointestinal malignancies and its incidence is on the rise in the recent years. Anatomically, it is classified into intrahepatic, perihilar, or extrahepatic (distal) CCA. There are a number of risk factors associated with CCA including primary s...

Celiac disease has been associated with other autoimmune disorders such as autoimmune hepatitis, moreover it is known that T cell mediated immune response to dietary gluten and released cytokines are important for the entheropathy seen in celiac disease. We investigated celiac autoantibodies in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), and chronic hepatitis B (CHB).Sera from 84 patients with Au...

Background: We conducted a study in order to determine the usefulness and diagnostic value of International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group (IAHG) score in non-autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) hepatic disorders as well as in AIH/ overlap syndromes and in cases with coexistence of AIH and other liver diseases. Methods: We applied the IAHG score in 423 patients with liver diseases excluding patients with AI...

idiopathic inflammatory myopathies are a heterogeneous group of muscle disorders characterized by chronic muscle inflammation and progressive muscle weakness. polymyositis (pm), dermatomyositis (dm) and inclusion body myositis (ibm) are the three major subsets based on distinct clinical and histopathological features. since the pathogenesis remains unclear, therapeutic approaches actually compr...

Autoimmune hepatitis has a global occurrence, diverse clinical phenotype, and evolving treatment options. The goals of this report are to review the codified diagnostic criteria, spectrum of clinical presentations, proposed pathogenic mechanisms, conventional treatment strategies, and promising interventions. The literature published in English from 1980-2005 was reviewed and an updated current...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The adverse effect of acute hepatitis A in chronic liver disease is well known. The outcome of acute hepatitis E in chronic liver disease has not been extensively studied. The present study aimed to examine the clinical profile and outcome of patients with chronic liver disease and hepatitis E virus (HEV) superinfection, and the seroprevalence of hepatitis A and E infections...

Most problematic liver allograft biopsies are obtained more than year after transplantation, due largely to overlapping clinical, serological and histopathological features of native disease recurrence and other potential causes of late allograft dysfunction. More than one insult can be responsible. About 75% of biopsies from long-surviving recipients with abnormal liver function tests/symptoms...

Waldenström first described the disease entity now termed autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in 1950, when he observed a chronic form of hepatitis in young women.1 This hepatitis led to cirrhosis and was associated with jaundice, elevated gamma globulins, and amenorrhea.2 The disease was found to be associated with other autoimmune syndromes3 and was later termed “lupoid hepatitis” because of the prese...

A 37-year-man with chronic hepatitis B was diagnosed as having antimicrosomal antibodies and subclinical hypothyroidism. The association of autoimmune manifestations with hepatitis B has been less frequently reported than with hepatitis C virus. It is discussed whether this patient illustrates a case of spontaneous development of antimicrosomal antibodies, only casually associated with the pres...

The former is a sequel of acute viral hepatitis A and B, toxic hepatitis as a result of severe poisoning with hazardous substances or rapid blockage of the liver blood supply, while the latter one is an after-effect of chronic hepatitis B, C and autoimmune hepatitis, longterm alcohol abuse, disordered bile outflow, certain drugs administration, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-...