High-temperature nozzle  ows at low Reynoldsnumbers are studied numerically by the direct simulationMonte Carlo method. Modeling results are compared with the experimental data on the speciŽ c impulse efŽ ciency of a heated nitrogen  ow atRe = 1:78 £ £ 102 –4:09 £ £ 102. Good agreement between modeling and datawas observed for nonadiabatic wall conditions. The relative in uence of three majo...

Steady state experiments have been conducted for natural and mixed convection heat transfer, from five different sized protruding discrete heat sources, placed at the bottom position on a PCB and mounted on a vertical channel. The characteristic length ( Lh ) of heat sources vary from 0.005 to 0.011 m. The study has been done for different range of Reynolds number and modified Grashof number. F...

A study of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) axisymmetric stagnation point flow with viscous dissipation and heat transfer in an electrically conducting laminar steady viscous incompressible fluid over a heated axisymmetric shrinking surface is presented. The governing partial differential equations (PDEs) are reduced to non linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) in dimensionless form using sui...

A transport barrier which is characterized by the steeper temperature or/and density gradient has been observed both in the core region (internal transport barrier : ITB) and edge region (edge transport barrier : ETB) in the plasmas with non-axisymmetric magnetic fields compared with the gyro-Bohm type L-mode transport. A reduction of thermal conductivity and particle diffusivity in these plasm...

Vertical wire feeding with an axisymmetric multi-laser source (feeding the wire vertically into the molten pool) has exhibited great advantages over LAM (laser additive manufacturing) with paraxial wire feeding, which has an anisotropic forming problem in different scanning directions. This paper investigates the forming ability of vertical wire feeding with an axisymmetric multi-laser source, ...

Integral methods are used to derive similarity solutions for several quantities of interest including the cross-stream velocity, Reynolds stress, the dominant turbulent kinetic energy production term, and eddy diffusivities of momentum and heat for axisymmetric and planar turbulent jets, plumes, and wakes. A universal constant is evaluated for axisymmetric and planar plumes. The cross-stream ve...

Understanding thermal transport from nanoscale heat sources is important for a fundamental description of energy flow in materials, as well as for many technological applications including thermal management in nanoelectronics and optoelectronics, thermoelectric devices, nanoenhanced photovoltaics, and nanoparticle-mediated thermal therapies. Thermal transport at the nanoscale is fundamentally ...