Most game-designers likely stick to the assumption that background music is a design feature for fostering fun and game play. From a psychological point of view, these (intuitive) aspects act upon the intrinsic motivation and the flow experience of players. However, from a pure cognitive perspective on instructional design, background music could also be considered to be redundant information, ...

We recapitulate a series of studies of the perceptual role of low levels of background noise in quiet spaces for music listening. These include structured listening exercises in two quiet music rooms – Jordan Hall in Boston and the EMPAC Concert Hall in Troy, NY – wherein background noise levels were electronically manipulated while subjects listened critically to live and recorded music in the...

Most game-designers likely stick to the assumption that background music is a design feature for fostering fun and game play. From a psychological point of view, these (intuitive) aspects act upon the intrinsic motivation and the flow experience of players. However, from a pure cognitive perspective on instructional design, background music could also be considered to be redundant information, ...

Background: Anxiety is one of the emotional conditions among patients scheduled for surgery that can result in increasing postoperative pain, increasing analgesic and anesthetic requirements and prolonged hospital stay. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of listening to music and Holy Quran on patient’s anxiety and vital signs before abdominal surgery Method: it was a blind and three-group clinic...

Background music in social interaction settings can hinder conversation. Yet, little is known of how specific properties of music impact speech processing. This paper addresses this knowledge gap by investigating 1) whether the masking effect of background music with lyrics is larger than that of music without lyrics, and 2) whether the masking effect is larger for more complex music. To answer...