A type VI secretion system (T6SS) was recently shown to be required for full virulence of Vibrio cholerae O37 serogroup strain V52. In this study, we systematically mutagenized each individual gene in T6SS locus and characterized their functions based on expression and secretion of the hemolysin co-regulated protein (Hcp), virulence towards amoebae of Dictyostelium discoideum and killing of Esc...

The present study aims to utilize the poultry wastes (heads & legs of chicken) in production protein concentrate. chemical contents and functional properties final processed product were evaluated. method had been used concentrate processing which included digestion raw materials with 5 % HCl at pH 4. composition dried refusals 46.38% ( N×6.25), 22.34 fat 8.46 ash, while that for processed....

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most important causes hospital infections worldwide. S. tends to be resistant multiple antibiotics. High-level resistance antibiotics caused by mecA gene, which encodes an alternative penicillin-binding protein, PBP 2a. The present study was aimed detect in potential isolates clinical wastewater. Three wastewater samples were coll...

Liquid smoke is effective as a disinfectant Contains anti-bacterial activity. has the ability to inhibit bacterial growth because it contains phenolic compounds that can bind proteins through hydrogen bonds, causing protein structure be damaged. Phenol found in variety of consumer products including mouthwash. irritating and corrosive skin mucous membranes. The shell liquid product containing p...

Genetic strategies have been used for more than two decades to improve bacterial bioprocesses and to simplify recovery procedures. Such strategies include the design of efficient expression vectors and the improvement of bacterial production strains in different ways, e.g. by deletion of protease genes or engineering for overexpression of rare-codon tRNAs, foldases or chaperones. Gene multimeri...

Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus (IPNV) is a member of the family Birnaviridae that has been linked to high mortalities in salmonids. Bacterial based systems as live vectors for the delivery of heterologous antigens offer a number of advantages as vaccination strategies. VP2 is a structural viral protein of IPNV with immunogenicity effects. In this study IPNV was isolated from diseased fry ...

Antibacterial activity of lactoperoxidase (LP)-thiocyanate (SCN)-hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on Streptococcus agalactiae requires that the three reactants must be in contact with the cells simultaneously. Small but assayable amounts of LP adsorb to the cell surface and are not removed by washing. A diffusible antibacterial product of LP-SCN-H2O2 reaction was not found under our experimental condit...

Background:Influenza virus is globally pathogenic and it is usually associated with zoonotic respiratory diseases. This virus has caused a number of pandemics with a high mortality rate. The non-structural (NS1) protein of influenza A viruses is a non-essential virulence factor that has multiple accessory functions during viral infection. This protein is highly conservative. It has been shown t...