Abstract This paper describes the development and characterisation of bainitic steel for rail applications based on carbide-free, low-alloy steel. The results show that after rolling subsequently cooling, designed carbide-free exhibits better mechanical performance than standard pearlitic is because its fine, microstructure, which consists ferrite retained austenite laths. Microstructural prope...

There is a novel range of steels under development, based on bainite forming at exceptionally low temperatures. The advantage of suppressing the transformation temperature is that incredibly fine platelets of bainitic ferrite are generated which are only 20–40 nm in thickness. This makes the steel strong and in combination with the austenite that is retained, gives a useful range of properties ...

We have performed in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments to assess the influence of aluminium and phosphorus on the austenite stability in low-alloyed transformation-induced plasticity steels during the high-temperature bainitic holding and the subsequent martensitic transformation during cooling to temperatures between room temperature and 100 K. Although the addition of aluminium i...

The full understanding of the deformation mechanisms in nanostructured bainite requires the local characterization of its mechanical properties, which are expected to change from one phase, bainitic ferrite, to another, austenite. This study becomes a challenging process due to the bainitic nanostructured nature and high Young's modulus. In this work, we have carried out such study by means of ...