Nutrient resorption processes in the plants infected by pathogen remain poorly understood. Huanglongbing (HLB) is a destructive disease of citrus. HLB-pathogen 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' grows specifically in the phloem of hosts and may cause problems in the plant vascular system after infection. Therefore, it brings a great concern about the phloem nutrient transport and nutrient intr...

Background: Trypanosoma evansi is a fl agellate which belongs to the salivate section, commonly observed parasitizing blood of equines, ruminants, pigs, dogs and wild animals in different regions of the world. It causes many losses to farmers due to death of animals and drug spending in endemic areas. The treatment of this disease in Brazil is only performed with diminazene aceturate; however i...

Kinnow mandarin (Citrus reticulata) peel, an agricultural solid waste of the juice processing industry, was studied to understand mass transfer kinetics during osmotic dehydration and its process optimization. The experiments were conducted in sucrose (40, 50, 60° Brix) at different temperatures 40, 60°C duration 0–240 min. Central Composite Design used for optimization with variables, such as ...

Four tropical seaweeds, Gracilaria manilaensis Yamamoto & Trono, Ulva reticulata Forsskål, Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) L.M.Liao and Turbinaria conoides (J.Agardh) Kützing, collected from various habitats throughout Malaysia, were subjected to temperatures of 40, 35, 30, 25 20 °C in the laboratory. An exposure range 21–38 is reported for Malaysian waters. The effect temperature exposures on hal...

Antibacterial and antifungal properties of wax and hexane extracts of Citrus spp. peels were tested using bioautographic and microdilution techniques against three plant pathogenic fungi (Penicillium digitatum, Curvularia sp., and Colletotrichum sp.), two human pathogens (Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum canis), and two opportunistic bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aure...

The primary supply of minerals, vitamins, carbohydrates, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and other nutrients in the globe is found fruits fruit peels. They are a source supplementary antioxidants as well. DPPH radical scavenging, Catalase activity, Total Reducing Power were used to assess antioxidant potential Punica granatum, Citrus limetta, Musa paradisiaca. best activity for assays demonstra...