THE RECENT FINANCIAL CRISES IN EAST Asia, Russia, and elsewhere, and the earlier crisis in Mexico, have heightened interest in the subject of short-term borrowing by developing countries and the benefits and risks associated with such debt.1 This chapter examines the growth and determinants of short-term debt from international banks, the behavior of such debt during economic shocks, and its as...

Most electronic cash systems in the literature have been developed in the single bank model in which clients and merchants have accounts at the same bank. In the real world, electronic cash may be issued by a large group of banks, monitored by the Central Bank. Thus not only client anonymity but also bank anonymity should be considered to simulate anonymity of real money. Because anonymity coul...

The case study describes the IT situation at Zurich Cantonal Bank around the turn of the millennium. Incapable to fulfill the company’s strategic goals, it is shown how the legacy systems force the company into the decision to modify or to replace the old systems with standard software packages: to make or to buy? The case study introduces the bank’s strategic goals and their importance for the...

This paper investigates how financial-sector leverage affects macroeconomic instability and welfare. In the model, banks borrow (use leverage) to allocate resources to productive projects and provide liquidity. When banks do not actively issue new equity, aggregate outcomes depend on the level of equity in the financial sector. Equilibrium is inefficient because agents do not internalize how th...

The RCSB Protein Data Bank (PDB) has a number of options for deposition of structural data and has developed software tools to facilitate the process. In addition to ADIT and the PDB Validation Suite, a new software application, pdb_extract, has been designed to promote automatic data deposition of structures solved by X-ray diffraction. The pdb_extract software can extract information about da...

the current study carried out in order that identify the effective causes and effects led to outbreak of administrative corruption in the bank sepah of qom province on the subject of “the study of effective individual and organizational factors of administrative corruption in the bank sepah of qom province”. the area of study encircles the employees which work in the bank sepah. this study has ...

Fertilizer amendments can impact weed populations in a variety of ways. This study evaluated the effects of 12 year-long applications of different fertilization systems on size and composition of the weed seed bank in a conventionally managed maize monoculture field. Fertilization systems included all factorial combinations of two dairy cattle slurry rates, three vegetable, fruit and garden was...

The information age is quickly revolutionizing the way transactions are completed. Everyday actions are increasingly being handled electronically, instead of with pencil and paper or face to face. This growth in electronic transactions has resulted in a greater demand for fast and accurate user identification and authentication. Access codes for buildings, banks accounts and computer systems of...

The European banking marketplace has recently undergone several changes that cause banks to reengineer their legacy information systems. This paper describes an approach to business knowledge modelling in order: (a) to capture both current and future business functions, objectives, and aspirations for using legacy systems; (b) to analyse the way the current legacy systems and data are used; (c)...

While the boards of directors acting in their role as strategic planners make information systems (IS) process outsourcing decisions, it is tactical-level IS professionals who must implement outsourcing. The decision to outsource is driven by the perception of how organization's can achieve goals with this strategy. The question this paper explores is possible perceptual differences between dec...