The sequence of a promoter within a genome does not uniquely determine gene expression levels and their variability; rather, promoter sequence can additionally interact with its location in the genome, or genomic context, to shape eukaryotic gene expression. Retroviruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV), integrate their genomes into those of their host and thereby provide a biomedi...

identification of associated genes with energy balance, yield and feed intake are recent interests of the animal breeding researchers. najdi breed is the famous cattle breed in the khuzestan province. in this research for the investigation of leptin gene promoter ,from 15 najdi cows in the shushtar cattle center station was taken. dna from whole blood was extracted and 544bp and 566 bp two piec...

Human organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1/SLC22A1) plays important roles in the hepatic uptake of cationic drugs. The functional characteristics of this transporter have been well evaluated, but molecular information regarding transcriptional regulation is limited. In the present study, therefore, we examined the gene regulation of OCT1 gene focusing on basal core expression. An approximately 2....

Previous researchers have identified two sequences present upstream (angiotensinogen gene–activating element [AGE2]) and downstream (d61–2) of the human angiotensinogen gene that act as cell-specific enhancers of transcription in transiently transfected HepG2 cells. To examine the importance of these two sequences in regulating tissueand cell-specific expression of the gene in vivo, we generate...

myostatin is a growth factor belonging to the tgfß superfamily. tgfß growth factors are active in the regulation of embryonic development and in tissue homeostasis in adults. myostatin is a growth factor controlling proliferation of myoblasts in embryonic development. mutations in coding sequences of the bovine myostatin (gdf8) gene lead to muscle hyperplasia suggesting its inhibitory function ...

BACKGROUND Viral genomic mutations have become increasingly recognized as being associated with the outcome of chronic HBV infection. However, the role of viral mutations as a predictor of response to pegylated-interferon (PEG-IFN) therapy has so far remained unclear. STUDY DESIGN Viral mutations in the enhancer II/basal core promoter (BCP)/precore and the pre-S regions were characterized by ...

Previous researchers have identified two sequences present upstream (angiotensinogen gene-activating element [AGE2]) and downstream (d61-2) of the human angiotensinogen gene that act as cell-specific enhancers of transcription in transiently transfected HepG2 cells. To examine the importance of these two sequences in regulating tissue- and cell-specific expression of the gene in vivo, we genera...