Source lithologies and transport histories of materials within the Ephrata Fan are investigated. Data were collected using a variety of remote sensing, laboratory spectroscopic, and field observations and techniques. Laboratory thermal emission spectra were collected of bedrock within the Grand Coulee, dune samples, and clast deposits. Factor analysis, target transformation, and endmember recov...

The phagocytic activity of leukocytes in peripheral blood was investigated after 2, 24, and 48 hr; 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks; and 6 and 12 months following intraperitoneal administration of asbestos and basalt fibers to Wistar rats. Asbestos and basalt fibers differed in their effects on the parameters studied. Both granulocyte count and phagocytic activity of leukocytes during the 1-year dynamic fo...

BACKGROUND A recent study demonstrates that inhalation of airborne particulate from Mount Etna eruptions may induce fibrotic lung disease. The occupational exposure of construction workers from the Etna area, who excavate building sites and use basalt dust to make mortar, has never been assessed. METHODS Samples of basalt, volcanic ash, basalt + cement and cement dust were collected on the co...

1761. Figure 1. CSR FeO map of the central basalt pond in Apollo crater. The edges of the basalt pond were modeled as different units due to lateral mixing with the surrounding materials. The absolute FeO abundances from CSR may be overestimated by as much as 2 wt.% [15]. Figure 2. Map of modeled Th compositions used in the forward model. Region 1 = 0.9 ppm Th, Region 2 = 2.5 ppm Th, and Region...

We present results of experiments on mixtures of olivine tholeiite and mantle harzburgite, at 5 kb and 1050-1150°C, under conditions of controlled hydrogen fugacity. The basalt end-member was Kilauea 1921 olivine tholeiite + 3 wt.% H2O, and the harzburgite end-member was a mixture of olivine and orthopyroxene mineral separates made from a mantle-derived lherzolite xenolith. The experiments on m...

Small-scale assimilation of limestone during the intrusion of an olivine basalt feeder dyke into an Eocene argillaceous, siliceous biomicrite in the Tokatoka area has resulted in the incorporation of large amounts of calcium into the parent magma. Initial effects of assimilation have caused partial resorption of the earlyformed igneous mineralogy and the precipitation of calcic, iron-rich clino...

The lunar regolith records both the geological history and processes of the Moon and also that of particles from the Sun and galaxy. Such a record extends back to the age of the rock unit upon which the regolith is developed, but complex impact gardening and processing makes this record difficult to recover and interpret. Ancient rock units, such as lava flows, begin to have regolith developed ...

Technology intervention is a key success to restore properties and productivities of a highly weathered soil (Oxisols). The main challenge is to find materials with the ability to generate soil negative charge, release various nutrients and suppress toxic elements. The objective of this study was to increase negative charge and nutrient content, and suppress Al and Mn toxicities of an Oxisol us...

At the southernmost part of Tierra del Fuego a few outcrops and erratic boulders of alkali basaltic rocks with ultramafic enclaves have been studied. Alkali basalt plugs or pipes hitherto identified are scarce, and host rocks are constituted by slates that belong to Mesozoic deposition. The petrography, texture and composition of the basalt and xenoliths were investigated by petrographic micros...