Depending on their grain sizes (settling velocities), sed iments are t ransported in rivers as bed load, in suspens ion , or as wash load. The coarsest material rolls or bounces along the bot tom as bed load whereas finer material is placed into suspens ion by the water turbulence. The finest sed iments are t ranspor ted as wash load. evenly distr ibuted through the water depth and effectively ...

A study of the suitable operational conditions for the regeneration of exhausted homoionic natural zeolite with ammonium was carried out. Laboratory-scale columns using NaCl solutions with concentrations of 2 and 4 mol/L and hydraulic loadings of 4, 6 and 8 bed volumes per hour (BV/h) were assessed. For both NaCl concentrations studied, the hydraulic load of 6 BV/h showed the highest ammonia ni...

[1] The present study examines variations in the reference shear stress for bed load transport (tr) using coupled measurements of flow and bed load transport in 45 gravel-bed streams and rivers. The study streams encompass a wide range in bank-full discharge (1–2600 m/s), average channel gradient (0.0003–0.05), and median surface grain size (0.027–0.21 m). A bed load transport relation was form...