Abstract We studied the effect of prior learning symmetrical intraverbals on emergence complex after reading a text. In Experiment 1, eighteen 7- and 8-year-old children read text with sentences in which A B stimuli C were related (e.g., “The Alps” to “Mont Blanc,” “Falcon”). Thereafter, all ABC C–A—“Name mountain range falcon”) probed without reinforcement written responses. Condition six lear...

During the year 1915, I was stationed at a large post in East Africa in the crater-like depression of an isolated volcanic mountain. This mountain had been held for some months by the Germans, and when we occupied it, we found ourselves obliged for reasons of defence to place part of our troops upon the site of the old German camp. We had not been there for many days before we found that the si...

Amphibian chytridiomycosis has caused precipitous declines in hundreds of species worldwide. By tracking mountain chicken (Leptodactylus fallax) populations before, during and after the emergence of chytridiomycosis, we quantified the real-time species level impacts of this disease. We report a range-wide species decline amongst the fastest ever recorded, with a loss of over 85% of the populati...

A magnitude-frequency analysis of rockslide-debris avalanche deposits was performed. Hummocks are conical mounds formed in debris avalanche deposits from the catastrophic sector collapse of a mountain (often volcanic) that represent relatively cohesive fragments of the mountain edifice. Examination of 17 debris avalanche deposits in Japan and the Philippines showed that, in general, the larger ...

Cyst-forming coccidia of the genus Sarcocystis (Alveolata: Apicomplexa: Coccidea) parasitize vertebrates worldwide. Data from the small subunit rRNA genes (SSU) and the D2 domain of the large subunit rRNA genes were used to reconstruct phylogeny for all species in the Sarcocystidae for which sequences are currently available. We have focused on the evolutionary history of species that circulate...

Electron holography was applied to determine the contact potential differences in an AlGaN/AlN/Si heterostructure formed by metallorganic vapor phase epitaxy. Since mean inner potentials are generally different for different materials, their values before and after forming the junction were evaluated first, then the contact potential difference was obtained by subtracting the difference of the ...

The natural environment of the Tatras is one of the most diverse in Europe in terms of species richness and ecological value. This mountain range is well preserved and constitutes an important part of Europe’s nature resources. Dwarf pine (Pinus mugo Turra) is the main component of the Tatras subalpine belt covering altitude between 1550 and 1800 m a.s.l. It is a very dynamic species, which exp...

The quantitative estimation of paleoaltitude has become an increasing focus of Earth scientists because surface elevation provides constraints on the geodynamic mechanisms operating in mountain belts, as well as the influence of mountain belt growth on regional and global climate. The general observation of decreasing δ18O and δ2H values in rainfall as elevation increases has been used in both ...

Warfare." This is in my opinion an important one, more so. as up to the present time no ideal methods exist for the evacuation of sick under conditions such as mountain warfare, methods that would render the journey of patients to the base hospitals more comfortable. It is with this end in view that I introduce the subject before this meeting of medical men to-night whose experience and discuss...