Experimental data show that biological synapses behave quite differently from the symbolic synapses in common artificial neural network models. Biological synapses are dynamic, i.e., their “weight” changes on a short time scale by several hundred percent in dependence of the past input to the synapse. In this article we explore the consequences that these synaptic dynamics entail for the comput...

Most studies on susceptible-infected-susceptible epidemics in networks implicitly assume Markovian behavior: the time to infect a direct neighbor is exponentially distributed. Much effort so far has been devoted to characterize and precisely compute the epidemic threshold in susceptible-infected-susceptible Markovian epidemics on networks. Here, we report the rather dramatic effect of a nonexpo...

We have carried out extensive density functional calculations for series of sodium clusters NaN ranging from N = 10 to 147 and have obtained approximately 13000 distinct isomers. We unravel a number of striking features of the growth characteristics. The growth shows an order-disorder-order pattern of cyclic nature. Between two ordered clusters, the growth proceeds via disordered clusters havin...

Conceiving new technologies as social experiments is a means to discuss responsible deployment of technologies that may have unknown and potentially harmful side-effects. Thus far, the uncertain outcomes addressed in the paradigm of new technologies as social experiments have been mostly safety-related, meaning that potential harm is caused by the design plus accidental events in the environmen...

Most studies on susceptible-infected-susceptible epidemics in networks implicitly assume Markovian behavior: the time to infect a direct neighbor is exponentially distributed. Much effort so far has been devoted to characterize and precisely compute the epidemic threshold in susceptible-infected-susceptible Markovian epidemics on networks. Here, we report the rather dramatic effect of a nonexpo...

Introduction: It is known that fluids confined in nanometric spaces behave very differently from their bulk counterpart [1]. Lately, the process of transport of confined water through narrow channels has attracted a lot of attention, since knowledge of these processes is important in understanding transport through ion channels [2]. Numerical studies by Lee et al. [3] and Mao et al. [4] of the ...

The thermally assisted detachment of a self-avoiding polymer chain from an adhesive surface by an external force applied to one of the chain-ends is investigated. We perform our study in the "fixed height" statistical ensemble where one measures the fluctuating force, exerted by the chain on the last monomer when a chain-end is kept fixed at height h over the solid plane at different adsorption...

Contrary to our näıve understanding that ideas for innovation are generated by supply-side such as product developers, studies suggest that ideas can be generated by consumers, especially the group of users called ”early adopters” who behave differently from product developers in regard to product adoption and general knowledge. This research includes an experiment with consumers to test what i...

Do people behave differently when they are lying compared with when they are telling the truth? The combined results of 1,338 estimates of 158 cues to deception are reported. Results show that in some ways, liars are less forthcoming than truth tellers, and they tell less compelling tales. They also make a more negative impression and are more tense. Their stories include fewer ordinary imperfe...

The LADS (Log Analysis for Digital Societies) task at CLEF aims at investigating user actions in a multilingual setting. We carried out an analysis of search logs with the objectives of investigating how users from different linguistic or cultural backgrounds behave in search, and how the discovery of patterns in user actions could be used for community identification. The findings confirm that...