Two things are striking about this medieval definition. The first is that it is very close to the modern conception of formal consequence one finds in Bolzano and Tarski3. The second is that although Buridan and the other fourteenth-century logicians state these distinctions with a great deal of precision, they say almost nothing about the point of the distinctions. Why are these distinctions d...

Derived varieties were invented by P. Cohn in [4]. Derived varieties of a given type were invented by the authors in [10]. In the paper we deal with the derived variety Vσ of a given variety, by a fixed hypersubstitution σ. We introduce the notion of the dimension of a variety as the cardinality κ of the set of all proper derived varieties of V included in V. We examine dimensions of some varie...

This paper develops a probabilistic reconstruction of the No Miracles Argument (NMA) in the debate between scientific realists and anti-realists. The goal of the paper is to clarify and to sharpen the NMA by means of a probabilistic formalization. In particular, I demonstrate that the persuasive force of the NMA depends on the particular disciplinary context where it is applied, and the stabili...

Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of spiritual well-being and demographic characteristics in signing the donor card. Instrument & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Hamadan in 2018. Six hundred employees from 57 offices (out of 60) were selected using a random sampling method. Data gathering was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire. Th...

Fracture orientation is a prominent factor in determining the reservoir fluid flow direction in a formation because fractures are the major paths through which fluid flow occurs. Hence, a true modeling of orientation leads to a reliable prediction of fluid flow. Traditionally, various distributions are used for orientation modeling in fracture networks. Although they offer a fairly suitable est...

Abstract Racism is a pervasive problem in Western society, leading to mental and physical unwellness people from racialized groups. Psychology began as racist discipline still is. As such, most clinical training curricula do not operate an anti-racist framework. Although therapists have seen clients with stress trauma due racialization, very few were taught how assess or treat it. Furthermore, ...