A year-long research on the Mugil cephalus and M. curema diet was conducted. The food content in the cardiac portion of 192 stomachs revealed a great similarity in both species leading to two conclusions: sediments are their basic food and high levels of benthic diatoms are dominant. A total of 130 taxa were found (Nitzschia, Navicula, Amphora, and Cocconeis dominated). Other food components we...

I present a numerical diffusion–advection-reaction model to simulate CO2 chemistry, d C, and oxidation of organic carbon and methane in sediment porewater. The model takes into account detailed reaction kinetics of dissolved CO2 compounds, H2O, H , OH , boron and sulfide compounds. These reactions are usually assumed to be in local equilibrium, which is shown to be a good approximation in most ...

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to study the variations in organic matters of benthic foraminifera (Ammonia beccarii) from four samples collected from beach environments from brackish environments along Tupilipalem coast (South east coast of India). Common absorption bands were observed as peaks in the range of 3600-3400 cm-1, 3000-2850 cm-1, 1750-1740 cm-1, 1640-1600 cm...

Reef ecosystems built during successive periods of Pleistocene sea level rise have shown remarkable persistence in coral community structure, but little is known of the ecological characteristics of reef communities during periods of low sea stands or sea level falls. We sampled the relative species abundance of coral, benthic foraminifera, and calcareous red algae communities from eight submer...

We present stable isotope and geochemical data from four sediment cores from west of Prins Karls Forland (ca. 340 m water depth), offshore western Svalbard, recovered from close to sites of active methane seepage, as well as from shallower water depths where methane seepage is not presently observed. Our analyses provide insight into the record of methane seepage in an area where ongoing ocean ...

Coral reefs are now subject to global threats and influences from numerous anthropogenic sources. Foraminifera, a group of unicellular shelled organisms, are excellent indicators of water quality and reef health. Thus we studied a set of samples taken in 1992 to provide a foraminiferal baseline for future studies of environmental change. Our study provides the first island-wide analysis of shal...

in order to study the biostratigraphy and paleoecology of the early miocene in south west of kerman province, one section (gefriz) has been chosen, measured and sampled. the thickness of measured section is about 67 m. it consists mainly of thin to thick bedded limestone and marl. at this section, the early miocene deposits nonconformably lie between volcano sedimentary eocene at the base, and ...

[1] Oxygen and carbon isotope records are important tools used to reconstruct past ocean and climate conditions, with those of benthic foraminifera providing information on the deep oceans. Reconstructions are complicated by interspecies isotopic offsets that result from microhabitat preferences (carbonate precipitation in isotopically distinct environments) and vital effects (species-specific ...

Understanding the interaction between climate and biotic evolution is crucial for deciphering the sensitivity of life. An enigmatic mass extinction occurred in the deep oceans during the Mid Pleistocene, with a loss of over 100 species (20%) of sea floor calcareous foraminifera. An evolutionarily conservative group, benthic foraminifera often comprise >50% of eukaryote biomass on the deep-ocean...

—Foraminiferal tests are a common component of many marine sediments. The oxygen isotope ratio (δ18O) of test calcite is frequently used to reconstruct aspects of their life environment. The δ18O depends mainly on the isotope ratio of the water it is precipitated from, the temperature of calcification, and, to a lesser extent, the carbonate ion concentration. Foraminifera and other organisms ca...