The complexation of oligonucleotides and antisense drugs with a cationic surfactant, cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), has been studied using electrochemistry at a micrometer sized liquid/liquid interface. This method can be used to investigate the effect of chemical and structural modifications on the complexation behaviour of oligonucleotides. For the interaction between CPC and oligonucleotide...

One of the major factors responsible for the explosion of knowledge related to vitamin D metabolism and its relation to clinical disease was the introduction of competitive protein-binding assays for 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D. 2 These assays were introduced more than three decades ago, and were based on assessing circulating 25(OH)D or 1,25(OH)2D using the vitamin D-binding protein or chick intest...

The rate-limiting step in many solid-phase immunoassays is associated with the slow kinetics of binding of macro-molecular antigen and conjugate to the immobilized phase. We demonstrate that the use of ultrasonic energy to enhance mass transport across liquid/solid interfaces can dramatically accelerate antigen binding to immobilized antibodies. We use an ultrasound-accelerated procedure with a...

BACKGROUND Extraction and investigation of TAXOL from Pestalotiopsis breviseta (Sacc.) using protein docking, which is a computational technique that samples conformations of small molecules in protein-binding sites. Scoring functions are used to assess which of these conformations best complements the protein binding site and active site prediction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Coelomycetous fungi ...

The complexation of sodium polystyrene sulfonate with monovalent cationic surfactants at a microsized liquid/liquid interface has been studied using electrochemistry. The method is based on measurement of surfactant ion transfer across the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES). The complexation of various cationic surfactants (alkylpyridinium- and trimethylammonium-) wi...

Fc region binding peptide conjugated with attenuated cationic amphiphilic lytic L17E trimer [FcB(L17E)3] was designed for immunoglobulin G (IgG) delivery into cells. Particle-like liquid droplets were generated by mixing Alexa Fluor 488 labeled IgG (Alexa488-IgG) FcB(L17E)3. Droplet contact the cellular membrane led to spontaneous influx and distribution of Alexa488-IgG throughout cells in seru...

one of the important parts of innate immunity is complement system that occurs in three different ways; the classic, the alternative and the lectin pathway. the four pattern recognition molecules that have been identified till now are mannose binding lectin (mbl), a component of lectin pathway, and three ficolins (ficolin1,-2 and -3) which compound to the carbohydrates of the cell surface. mbl ...

Quasiparticles in a strongly correlated liquid with the fermion condensate: applications to high temperature superconductors Abstract A model of a strongly correlated electron liquid based on the fermion condensation (FC) is extended to the consideration of high temperature superconductors. Within our model the appearance of FC presents a boundary, separating the region of strongly interacting ...

The ionized calcium level in blood is known to be falsely decreased when self-prepared liquid heparin anticoagulant is used, due to dilution and binding effects. The effect of liquid heparin on the determination of ionized magnesium is not as well understood. We compared the effect of liquid sodium heparin on the determination of ionized calcium and magnesium in 44 clinical samples using two ty...

The cover art illustrates the phase-transfer catalysis effective for asymmetric Strecker reaction of ketoimines with potassium cyanide under solid-liquid biphasic conditions. Chiral 1,2,3-triazolium ion featuring prominent hydrogen-bond donating and anion-binding capabilities allows establishment a highly efficient enantioselective process preparation sterically congested chiral α-amino nitrile...