The world’s first cities emerged on the plains of Mesopotamia (modern Iraq and Syria) in the fourth millennium BC. Attempts to understand this settlement process have assumed revolutionary social change, the disappearance of kinship as a structuring principle, and the appearance of a rational bureaucracy. Most assume cities and state-level social organization were deliberate functional adaptati...

Urbanism potential powers embrace significant opportunities to reach urban sustainability. Investigating and power/force explanation of urbanism have not been clarified in previous studies. Thus, the research is arguing concept power by comparing contrasting bipolar concept, differences, relations intersections. Previous related studies adopted indicate urbanism, a case study analysis provided,...

the issue of urban decline in city centers and horizontal expansion of the city and its consequences is a challenge in sustainable development of the cities. in this regard, new approaches were shaped to define career planning, urban design and urban environmental quality concerns in new-urbanism pattern. the critical approach to modern urban pattern was formed based on scattered, non-human and...

Structured architecture would improve the systems quality by establishing discipline, but does not account of their evolution. We need to go beyond by discovering and using the hidden laws of urbanism that are intimately tied to autonomy, adaptation and evolution notions.

Nowadays several areas of application need a precise 3D cartographic model, specially in the urban domain: telecommunications, urbanism, tourism and other ludicrous applications. The analysis of aerial stereoscopic photos provides a fast method to obtain a faithful relief of the observed scene, including its superstructures. This work presents the Navegador3D developed by NPDI/UFMG, ETIS/ENSEA ...

There is a growing debate on whether agricultural land in urban fringe should be maintained or converted to other uses. While ‘pro-ruralists’ believe agricultural land conversion can threaten food security and cause rural-urban migration, ‘pro-urbanists’ find it a necessary change for transition from a primitive agricultural-based community to an advanced industrialbased society which has the c...