insulin-loaded biodegradable chitosan nanoparticle was prepared by the polyelec-trolyte complex formation method. the prepared nanoparticles were in the size of 110 nm and had high entrapment (91.0%) capacity. the transdermal nanoinsulin was characterized by in vivo hypoglycemic effects. plasma glucose was decreased to the range of 80.34 to 96.74 mg/dl, and insulin levels were increased to the ...

Brinzolamide (BZ) is an intraocular pressure reducing agent with low bioavailability. The purpose of the present study was to overcome this issue by development of BZ containing nanoemulsions (NEs) as an ocular drug delivery system with desirable therapeutic efficacy. Brinzolamide NEs were prepared by the spontaneous emulsification method. Based on initial release studies, twelve formulations w...

BACKGROUND CSIC (5-chloro-3-phenylsulfonylindole-2-carboxamide), a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) has not been advanced as a therapeutic anti-HIV candidate drug due to its low aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability. OBJECTIVE The objective of this work was to formulate CSIC into self-emulsifying oil formulations for the purpose of improving its aqueous solubility ...

INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 123 MEASUREMENTS OF DIETARY BIOAVAILABILITY OF IRON ...................... 124 Earlier Methods .......................................................................................................... 124 Extrinsic Tag Method .....................................................

BACKGROUND Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been implicated in regulating cardiovascular pathophysiology in experimental models. However, there is a paucity of information regarding the levels of H2S in health and cardiovascular disease. In this study we examine the levels of H2S in patients with cardiovascular disease as well as bioavailability of nitric oxide and inflammatory indicators. METHODS ...

The objective of this work was to prepare an oil/water glimepiride (GM) microemulsion (ME) for oral administration to improve its solubility and enhance its bioavailability. Based on a solubility study, pseudoternary phase diagrams, and Box-Behnken design, the oil/water GMME formulation was optimized and prepared. GMME was characterized by dynamic laser light scattering, zeta potential, transmi...

Severe falciparum malaria (SM) is associated with tissue ischemia related to cytoadherence of parasitized erythrocytes to microvascular endothelium and reduced levels of NO and its precursor, l-arginine. Endothelial function has not been characterized in SM but can be improved by l-arginine in cardiovascular disease. In an observational study in Indonesia, we measured endothelial function using...

Mercaptopurine is a purine antagonist, belonging to the class of antimetabolites. Its oral absorption is erratic and variable throughout GIT, with bioavailability of 5-37% and belongs to Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) class IV. The focus of the present study was to improve solubility of mercaptopurine and to release the drug uniformly throughout the GIT by formulating into a nove...

Co-delivery approach has been recommended to reduce the amount of each drug and to achieve the synergistic effect for cancer treatment. CUR and SF have antitumor effects, but their application is limited because of their low water solubility and poor oral bioavailability. To improve the bioavailability and solubility of SF and CUR, we performed an innovative co-delivery of SF and CUR with magne...