Response assessment in lymphoma relies on imaging scans that do not capture biologic processes at the molecular level. Monitoring circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) with next-generation sequencing-based assays can detect recurrent disease prior to scans and "liquid biopsies" for somatic mutations address tumor heterogeneity, clonal evolution, and mechanisms of resistance to guide precision treatment...

BACKGROUND Biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are increasingly used for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment. However, little is known based on contemporary data about the factors associated with DMARDs and patterns of use of biologic DMARDs for initial and subsequent RA treatment. METHODS We conducted an observational cohort study using claims data from a commercial healt...

Young children and the developing fetus may be more susceptible to effects of environmental toxicants than adults due to differential exposure patterns and developmental immaturities. Biologic markers offer the potential of quantitative dosimeters of biologic dose and/or indices of biologic effect associated with fetal/childhood exposures. They can facilitate evaluation of interindividual varia...

‘‘Nothing in biology makes sense except in the light of evolution’’ Theodosius Dobzhansky (1973) History plays a fundamental role in biology. Theodosius Dobzhansky’s now famous quote can be viewed not only as a claim for the explanatory power of the evolutionary process, but also as a proclamation of the importance of recognizing the deep history of life itself. But history plays another, emine...

Biologic drugs have revolutionised many medical conditions. Like all medicines there is a role for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) with some agents in The utility of TDM biologic will be explored, covering methods detection as well the evidence that effective or otherwise.