Three different types of anaerobic fermentations were used for the mass production of the photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris as diet for aquaculture. The optimum agitation speed and malate concentration were 300 r.p.m. and 0.2% in the modified MYC medium, respectively. In batch fermentations of R. palustris, the maximum number of viable cells was 1.1×10 c.f.u. ml with 2.65 g l ...

Bio ethanol is an attractive, sustainable energy source to fuel transportation, produced from kinds of biomasses. Among kinds of biomass, lignocellulosic biomass is a very useful feedstock to economically produce environmentally friendly biofuels. The main goal of the research described in this paper is to investigate the process of pretreated biomass, acid or enzymatic hydrolysis, Fermentation...

The nutritional content of a few foods diet, supplemented with a casein hydrolysate formula (n = 24) or a whey hydrolysate formula (n = 21), was studied in 45 children with atopic dermatitis. The six day weighed food inventory record method was used to estimate the mean daily intake of energy, protein, calcium, iron, zinc, folate, and vitamin C on normal diet and on the few foods diet. The diet...

BACKGROUND Co-production of chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass alongside fuels holds promise for improving the economic outlook of integrated biorefineries. In current biochemical conversion processes that use thermochemical pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis, fractionation of hemicellulose-derived and cellulose-derived sugar streams is possible using hydrothermal or dilute acid pretreat...

Discarded tobacco leaf protein hydrolysate (DTLPH) was prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis using papain and then separated using ultrafiltration (UF) membranes with molecular mass cut-off (MMCO) of 10, 5, 3 and 1 kDa. Four permeate fractions including 10-K, 5-K, 3-K and 1-K (the permeate fractions from 10, 5, 3 and 1 kDa) hydrolysate fractions were obtained. The 5-K hydrolysate fraction had high o...

BACKGROUND Rice straw has shown to be a promising agricultural by-product in the bioconversion of biomass to value-added products. Hydrolysis of cellulose, a main constituent of lignocellulosic biomass, is a requirement for fermentable sugar production and its subsequent bioconversion to biofuels such as biobutanol. The high cost of commercial enzymes is a major impediment to the industrial app...

BACKGROUND The fermentation inhibition of yeast or bacteria by lignocellulose-derived degradation products, during hexose/pentose co-fermentation, is a major bottleneck for cost-effective lignocellulosic biorefineries. To engineer microbial strains for improved performance, it is critical to understand the mechanisms of inhibition that affect fermentative organisms in the presence of major comp...

Glucose, xylose and arabinose are the three most abundant monosaccharide found in lignocellulosic biomass. Effectively and simultaneously utilization of these sugars by microorganisms for production of the biofuels and bio-chemicals is essential toward directly fermentation of the lignocellulosic biomass. In our previous study, the recombinant Bacillus subtilis 168ARSRCPΔacoAΔbdhA strain was al...

Acetoin is an important bio-product useful in the chemical, food and pharmaceutical industries. Microbial fermentation major process for production of bioacetoin, as petroleum resources used chemical methods are depleting day by day. Bioacetoin using wild microorganisms easy, eco-friendly economical method bioacetoin. In present study, culture conditions nutritional requirements were optimized ...