The relativistically broad X-ray iron line seen in many AGN spectra is thought to originate from the central regions of the putative black hole accretion disk. Both the line profile and strength will vary in response to rapid variability of the primary X-ray continuum source. The temporal response of the line contains information on the accretion disk structure, the X-ray source geometry, and t...

We have analyzed spectra of the Galactic black hole GX 339−4 obtained through simultaneous 76 ksec XMMNewton/EPIC-pn and 9 ksec RXTE observations during a bright phase of its 2002–2003 outburst. An extremely skewed, relativistic Fe Kα emission line and ionized disk reflection spectrum are revealed in these spectra. Selfconsistent models for the Fe Kα emission line profile and disk reflection sp...

An empirical relation between the broad line region (BLR) size and optical continuum luminosity is often adopted to estimate the BLR size and then the black hole mass of AGNs. However, optical luminosity may not be a good indicator of photoionizing luminosity for extremely radio-loud AGNs because the jets usually contribute significantly to the optical continuum. Therefore, the black hole masse...

Aims. We quantify the effect of gravitational redshift on emission lines to explore the transition region from the Newtonian to the Einsteinian regime. With the emitting region closer to the Kerr black hole, lines are successively subjected to a stronger gravitationally induced shift and distortion. Simulated lines are compared to broad, optical emission lines observed in Mrk 110. Methods. We s...

It has been suggested that narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s) are evolutionarily young objects, powered by accretion onto central black holes that are significantly lower in mass than those found in typical broad-line Seyfert galaxies. We explore this hypothesis through the analysis of high spatial resolution, near-IR imaging data. By employing the correlation between black hole mass and ho...

In this Letter, we make an attempt to estimate the masses of black holes and their distributions in BL Lac objects. We show the mass of black hole MBH ∝ ν −13/12 pk L 3/8 pk , where νpk and Lpk are the peak frequency and luminosity in the first bump of continuum, respectively. We find there are two populations of black hole masses in BL Lacs: the first has a lower-mass peak centred at ∼ 7.0× 10...

The masses of central supermassive black holes in a soft X-ray selected sample of the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s) are estimated by some different methods to test their theoretical models. Apart from the methods using the Hβ linewidth and the [O III] linewidth, soft X-ray excess as a prominent character of NLS1s is used to estimate the black hole masses. The virial mass derived from t...

The ‘Bloated Stars Scenario’ proposes that AGN broad line emission originates in the winds or envelopes of bloated stars (BS). Alexander and Netzer (1994) established that ∼ 5×10 BSs with dense, decelerating winds can reproduce the observed emission line spectrum and avoid rapid collisional destruction. Here, we use the observed properties of AGN line profiles to further constrain the model par...

black humor plays a crucial role in fulfilling langston hughes's anti-racist purposes as an integral notionin his poetry. accordingly, translation(s) of his poetry are to benefit from the same indexes onthe basis of equivalent effect principle. on this account, 33 black-humor-rich poems of hughes, translatedby ahmad shamloo, yaghma golruee and hassan fayyad, were selected to be analyzed co...