We use two quasi-natural experiments that encouraged the of debit cards and facilitated ATMs in Mexico to estimate elasticity crime informality availability cash as a means payment. then construct simple model quantify private costs restricting usage economy. Our captures degree substitution between other payment methods at intensive extensive margins. welfare effects by three key inputs: i) cr...

We readdress the issue of strong CP violation both in Standard Model (SM) and Minimal Left–Right (LR) Symmetric try to clear confusion that seems still pervade field. argue smallness violation, while harmless basically decoupled from rest physics SM, context LR symmetry provides a blessing by helping narrow down parameter space theory connecting apparently uncorrelated physical quantities. In p...

Is flow-level anomaly detection a blessing due to excellent detection rates or is it a curse due to high false positive rates? To this end, we cannot answer this question for mainly two reasons: First, we still do not understand the flow-level characteristics and frequency of benign and malicious anomalies in full detail. And second, we have no means for assessing the power, in terms of false p...

Martin Mulder is professor and head of the chair group of Education and Competence Studies at Wageningen University, the Netherlands. He graduated from the University of Utrecht as Master of Education, and did his PhD at the University of Twente. In his current position he leads a research and education program on competence development in food and green space. He is a frequent speaker at inter...

Colombian crocodile: This pendant, made in pre-Columbian times from the gold alloy tumbaga, is one of the objects displayed at the British Museum during the exhibition of Colombian gold artefacts, which runs until March 23rd. (© Museo del Oro – Banco de la República, Colombia.) As this year may or may not ring in the end of the political union between Scotland and England established by the Act...

This paper shows that arbitrage is limited if rational agents face uncertainty about completing their arbitrage portfolios. This “execution risk” arises in our model because there are slippages in asset prices as arbitrageurs compete for the limited supply of assets needed for a profitable arbitrage portfolio. This is distinct from the existing limits of arbitrage such as noise trader risk, fun...