Biomimetically modified bioactive materials with bone-like surface properties are attractive candidates for use as microcarriers for 3-D bone-like tissue engineering under simulated microgravity conditions of NASAdesigned rotating wall vessel (RWV) bioreactors. The simulated microgravity environment is attainable under suitable parametric conditions of the RWV bioreactors. Ca-P containing bioac...

Bone tissue is a hierarchical material characterized at nanoscale by the mineralized collagen fibril, recurring structure mainly composed of apatite minerals, and water. nanostructure has fundamental role in determining mechanical behavior its mass transport properties. Diffusion phenomenon allows to maintain an adequate supply metabolites mechanisms bone remodeling, adaptation repair. Several ...

Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a clinical syndrome that features a failing heart together with signs and symptoms arising from renal retention of salt and water, mediated by attendant neurohormonal activation, and which prominently includes the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. More than this cardiorenal perspective, CHF is accompanied by a systemic illness whose features include an alte...

In order to observe and compare the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) paraplegic patients before after wearing walking device, as well influence age, height, weight years on BMD, 124 were tested by quantitative CT (QCT) in Sichuan Rehabilitation Hospital (Sichuan Bayi Center). The results showed that walkers had higher than those not walkers. BMD decreased with but significantly non-paraple...

Osteoporosis is a condition of the bone mass declination along with deterioration of bone microarchitecture, which can be found in both women and men. Its prevalence increases with advanced age. Osteoporosis cannot be permanently cured. The best current treatment only slows down the bone deterioration. Prevention of osteoporosis and promotion of bone mass and quality must be paid attention to f...

Optimal nutritional status is imperative for growth, development, immune function, and bone health. Patients with thalassemia are known to have poor growth, altered puberty, and immune function as well as reduced bone mineral acquisition. The etiology of these comorbidites is typically ascribed to the toxic effects of transfusion-related iron-overload. Recently, our group and others have observ...

Anthropologically speaking, humans were high consumers of calcium until the onset of the Agricultural Age, 10,000 years ago. Current calcium intake is one-quarter to one-third that of our evolutionary diet and, if we are genetically identical to the Late Paleolithic Homo sapiens, we may be consuming a calcium-deficient diet our bodies cannot adjust to by physiologic mechanisms. Meta-analyses of...

Small preterm infants often develop osteopenia with or without rickets and with or without fractures. Whether these bone abnormalities all form part of the same disease process with a wide spectrum of presentation or whether each abnormality represents a different disease is as yet unclear. Bone mineralization depends largely on adequate supplies of calcium and phosphate. The normal intra-uteri...

Defect sites on bone minerals play a critical role in bone remodeling processes. We investigated single crystal hydroxyapatite (100) surfaces bearing crystal defects under acidic dissolution conditions using real-time in situ atomic force microscopy. At defect sites, surface structure-dependent asymmetric hexagonal etch pits were formed, which dominated the overall dissolution rate. Meanwhile, ...

During embryonic and fetal development much of the skeleton initiates as a cartilaginous scaffold, which is progressively resorbed and replaced by bone. Endochondral bone formation continues until the growth plates fuse during puberty. At all life stages adequate delivery of mineral is required for the skeleton to achieve and maintain appropriate mineral content and strength. During fetal devel...