Prostaglandin E (PGE)2 produced by osteoblasts acts as a potent stimulator of bone resorption. Inflammatory bone loss is accompanied by osteoclast formation induced by bone-resorbing cytokines, but the mechanism of PGE2 production and bone resorption in vivo is not fully understood. Using cytosolic phospholipase A2alpha (cPLA2alpha)-null mice, we examined the role of cPLA2alpha in PGE2 synthesi...

BACKGROUND Bisphosphonates have been widely used for treatment of high bone resorption states. It lowers bone turnover by inhibiting osteoclasts bone resorption with various mechanisms of actions: inhibition of osteoclast formation and attachment to the bone surface, induction of metabolic injury, alteration of vesicle trafficking and induction of osteoclast apoptosis. Bone biopsies studies fro...

The aim of drug treatment of osteoporosis is the balance between activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts with aug- mentation of mineral bone density and decrease of fracture risk. Antiresorptive agents depress osteoclasts and diminish resorption of bone. They include bisphosphonates, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), denosumab, while hormone replacement therapy and calcitonin are ...

Bone remodeling involves the interplay of bone resorption and formation and is accurately controlled to maintain bone mass. Both processes require transcellular Ca(2+) transport, but the molecular mechanisms engaged remain largely elusive. The epithelial Ca(2+) channel TRPV5 is one of the most Ca(2+)-selective transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. In this study, the functional role of TR...

Osteoclasts are the exclusive cells of bone resorption. Abnormally activating osteoclasts can lead to low bone mineral density, which will cause osteopenia, osteoporosis, and other bone disorders. To date, the mechanism of how osteoclast precursors differentiate into mature osteoclasts remains elusive. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are novel regulatory factors that play an important role in numerous cellu...

Quantitative assessment of bone resorption inhibition in vivo is not easily accomplished; methods relying on a count of osteoclasts are questionable, and histomorphometric evaluation of the bone mass presents several technical problems as well. The authors developed a simple method to measure the inhibition of bone resorption by study of the proximal tibial metaphysis of growing rats: the heigh...

Excessive RANKL signaling leads to superfluous osteoclast formation and bone resorption, is widespread in the pathologic bone loss and destruction. Therefore, targeting RANKL or its signaling pathway has been a promising and successful strategy for this osteoclast-related diseases. In this study, we examined the effects of xanthohumol (XN), an abundant prenylflavonoid from hops plant, on osteoc...

Alveolar bone resorption is one of the most important facts in denture construction. Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) causes alveolar bone resorption, and morphologic measurements are the most frequent methods to identify bone resorption in periodontal studies. This study has aimed at evaluating the effect of Andrographolide (AND) on alveolar bone resorption in rats induced by Pg. 24 healthy male ...

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by periodontal pocket formation and alveolar bone resorption. Periodontal bone resorption is induced by osteoclasts and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) which is an essential and central regulator of osteoclast development and osteoclast function. Therefore, RANKL plays a critical role in periodontal bone resorption. I...