BACKGROUND There is no clinically available marker for early detection or monitoring of chronic rejection in the form of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), the main long-term complication after lung transplantation. Sampling and analysis of particles in exhaled air is a valid, noninvasive method for monitoring surfactant protein A (SP-A) and albumin in the distal airways. METHODS We ask...

OBJECTIVES To prospectively evaluate quantitative airway wall measurements of thin-section CT for the diagnosis of Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome (BOS) following lung transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 141 CT examinations, bronchial wall thickness (WT), the wall area percentage (WA%) calculated as the ratio of the bronchial wall area and the total area (sum of bronchial wall area an...

The cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, is a major threat to the improvement of cattle production in tropical and subtropical countries worldwide. Bos indicus cattle are naturally more resistant to infestation with the cattle tick than are Bos taurus breeds, although considerable variation in resistance occurs within and between breeds. It is not known which genes contribute to th...

Stimulus-dependent synaptic interactions underlying selective sensory representations in neural circuits specialized for sensory processing and sensorimotor integration remain poorly understood. The songbird telencephalic nucleus HVC is a sensorimotor area essential to learned vocal control with one projection neuron (PN) type (HVC(RA)) innervating a song premotor pathway, another PN (HVC(X)) i...

To what extent seasonal factors modify the neuronal functional properties within the nuclei of the avian song system remains an open question. In adult songbirds, neurons of the song premotor nucleus HVC (used as a proper name) exhibit selective responses for the bird's own song (BOS). Here we examine whether, outside the breeding season, when songs are less stereotyped, HVC neurons of male can...

BACKGROUND Chronic allograft rejection manifested as bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) is the leading cause of late death after lung transplantation. Although increasing evidence suggests an association between anti-human leukocyte antigens (HLA) antibodies and chronic rejection of kidney or heart allografts, the clinical significance of anti-HLA antibodies in lung recipients is less clea...

Bos indicus x Bos taurus (n=251) and Angus (n=323) cows received a progesterone containing device called an Eazi-BreedTM CIDR® for 7 d with a prostaglandinF2a (PGF2a) injection at CIDR removal. At CIDR insertion half the cows received a GnRH injection and half did not. Upon CIDR removal, half the cows in both GnRH and No-GnRH groups were equally divided into two AI treatment groups: 1) injectio...

BACKGROUND Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a vasoconstrictor peptide that mediates cell proliferation, fibrosis, and inflammation. ET-1 has 2 receptors A and B. OBJECTIVES The present study investigated whether administration of ET-1 receptor type A antagonist leads to protect cisplatin (CP) induced nephrotoxicity in ovariectomized-estradiol (Es) treated rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-six ovarie...

Two quantitative schlieren methods are assessed and compared: calibrated color schlieren (CCS) and background oriented schlieren (BOS). Both methods are capable of measuring the light deflection angle in two spatial directions, and hence the projected density gradient vector field. Spatial integration using the conjugate gradient method returns the projected density field. To assess the perform...