To the Editor: We were interested to read Kaufman et al.’s1 article on the surgical treatment of 14 cases of permanent diaphragm paralysis after shoulder surgery, but dismayed to read the editorial that accompanied it,2 in which it was stated that the diaphragmatic paralysis was “clearly due to phrenic nerve damage after interscalene brachial plexus block.” This assertion is open to question an...

• In our hospital the costoclavicular approach to brachial plexus is preferred. Complication rate of blocks in children low. Costoclavicular block can be used routinely paediatric patients.

Selective peripheral nerve transfers represent an emerging reconstructive strategy in the management of both pediatric and adult brachial plexus and peripheral nerve injuries. Transfer of the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve of the forearm into the distal ulnar nerve is a useful means to restore sensibility to the ulnar side of the hand when indicated. This technique is particularly valuabl...

Abstract Background Brachial plexus block is one of the peripheral nerve blocks commonly used in regional anesthesia. We aimed to investigate whether perfusion index (PI) measurement can be evaluate adequacy upper limb accompanied by ultrasonography. Thirty-three patients between ages 18 and 65 who were ASA I–II group will have a hand, forearm, arm operation included study. An appropriate type ...

Brachial plexus trauma is a rare condition in children except for obstetrical lesions, for which nerve grafting is generally proposed. Two children (9 and 12 years old) with C5 and C6 traumatic brachial plexus avulsion lesions are presented, where elbow flexion and shoulder abduction and external rotation were the functions to be restored. Nerve transfers have been performed. Shoulder abduction...

In recent years, brachial plexus anesthesia techniques for upper limb surgery have been used more and more commonly on children; however, the patient is typically under deep sedation or general anesthesia. For eligible, cooperative children, surgery can also be performed using regional blocks while the patient is awake. We present 5 cases in which Ultrasound (US)-guided infraclavicular brachial...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The brachial plexus represents an important network of nerves, commonly approached in nerve blocks prior to surgical procedures. Therefore, the knowledge of its anatomy is indispensable so those procedures can be carried out accordingly. The objective of the present study was to analyze the morphology of brachial plexus cords with special emphasis to its topographic re...

Key points † Percutaneous nerve stimulation is a recently introduced technique to facilitate peripheral nerve block. † We evaluated the ability of this technique to localize nerves of the brachial plexus as verified by ultrasound imaging in 20 volunteers. † There was only a 10% concordance between the most superficial nerves identified by percutaneous stimulation and ultrasound imaging. Backgro...

Nerve transfers have gained popularity in the treatment of adult brachial plexus palsy; however, their role in the treatment of neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP) remains unclear. Brachial plexus palsies in infants differ greatly from those in adults in the patterns of injury, potential for recovery, and influences of growth and development. This International Federation of Societies for Sur...