Ants are one of the most successful and widespread organisms in the world. Although ants of the genus Pachycondyla (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae) are predominantly tropical in distribution, Pachycondyla chinensis (Emery) is especially abundant in temperate zones in Asia. Recently, P. chinensis has also become an abundant invasive ant species in the United States. However, it was well-know...

Saline-alkali stress adversely affects crop growth and nutrient absorption, thereby reducing yield quality. Exogenous amino acids have multiple synergistic effects; however, whether a preparation containing increases the resistance of pakchoi to saline-alkali soil remains unclear. This study investigated effects patented “preparation” on growth, tolerance in (Brassica chinensis L.), using pot c...

Abstract This study aimed to comprehensively analyze primary and secondary metabolites of three different-colored (white, pale green, green) pak choi cultivars ( Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis ) using gas chromatography attached with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS) high-performance liquid (HPLC). In total, 53 were identified subjected partial least-squares discriminant analysis. The...