Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease occurring in women. Conservative breast cancer surgery followed by radiation therapy is currently the standard treatment for this type of cancer. The majority of metastases occur within the scar, which initiated a series of studies. As a result, clinical trials aimed to assess whether localized radiotherapy, as intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT...

New strategies for adjuvant radiotherapy of early breast cancer are being investigated in several phase III randomised trials at the present time. Accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) is a way to offer an early breast cancer patient, who has had breast conservative surgery, an adjuvant radiotherapy of short duration aimed at the tumour bed with a certain margin. The rationale of this s...

context triple negative breast cancer (tnbc) is a heterogeneous group of diseases that is negative for esterogen receptor (er) progesteron receptor (pr) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (her2). this type of breast cancer is typically high-grade carcinomas, although low-grade tumors occur. the aim of this review is to focus on molecular classification and features, prognostic markers...

Surgery is the crucial modality of management in the multidisciplinary care of breast cancer. Without surgery the outcome of treatment is complicated and sub-optimal. The oncologists face dilemma when patient refuse for surgery or not operable due to patients medical condition. Here we describe two post-menopausal women with operable breast cancers those refused surgery. We managed these patien...

INTRODUCTION Twenty years ago prospective randomised controlled trials were initiated to compare conservative breast surgery plus radiation with radical mastectomy in the treatment of early-stage breast cancer. The results have shown no survival advantage for mastectomy over breast-conserving therapy (BCT). However, local recurrence of cancer after BCT has been reported to be as high as 14%, ne...

Objective: To assess the oncologic and cosmetic outcomes in women with breast carcinoma who were treated with breastconserving surgery using oncoplastic techniques with concomitant symmetrization of the contra lateral breast. Introduction: Although breast-conserving surgery is the standard form of treatment for invasive breast tumors up to 4 cm, cosmetic results may be poor and clear resection ...

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) is defined histopathologically by the presence of a mass of granulation tissue in the bronchiolar lumen, alveolar ducts, and lung alveoli, along with varying degrees of interstitial infiltrate by mononuclear cells and, occasionally, by neutrophils.1,2 Radiographically, radiation-induced BOOP is characterized by pulmonary infiltrates that occu...

Abstract. In modern veterinary medicine, in the last decade, significant achievements have been noted treatment of malignant tumors dogs, but nevertheless number oncologically ill animals is quite widespread, and tends to increase further. The use only traditional methods for oncological pathologies (radiation chemotherapy, surgical) does not a positive effect, accordingly solve problem as whol...

Conservative Mastectomies provide removal of the entire breast parenchyma, saving the outer covering of the mammary gland with the possibility of performing an immediate reconstruction preserving women body image. With the oxymoron “conservative mastectomies”, we indicate Skin-Sparing Mastectomies (SSM), Nipple-Areola Complex-Sparing Mastectomies (NSM) and Skin-Reducing Mastectomies (SRM). Even...