In one of the most ambitious public sector reform experiments in Africa, the Ghana government doubled its police officer salaries in 2010 in part to mitigate petty corruption on its roads. Neighboring countries in the West African region left their police salaries unchanged. Using unique data on bribes paid from over 2,100 truck trips in West Africa and representing over 45,000 bribe opportunit...

In recent years, there has been a huge increase in interest in the environment and its interaction with the economy. A key feature of this literature is its recognition of the interdependence between the economy and the environment. In general, this interdependence operates in both directions and it is poorly understood. A rather overlooked issue is how economic institutions a¤ect our ability a...

Pettinger M, et al. Women’s Health Initiative Investigators. Effects of estrogen plus progestin on gynecologic cancers and associated diagnostic procedures: the Women’s Health Initiative randomized trial. JAMA 2003; 290: 1739–1748. 28 Archer DF. The effect of the duration of progestin use on the occurrence of endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women. Menopause 2001; 8: 245–251. 29 de Vries CS...

977 Sleep Restriction and Physical Activity—Bromley et al INTRODUCTION Adults with a parental history of type 2 diabetes have a high risk of developing the disease, particularly in the setting of physical inactivity and excessive weight gain.1 Lifestyle modification combining diet-induced weight loss and increased physical activity can ameliorate the metabolic risk and reduce the incidence of t...

We discuss a new set of $\sim$ 500 numerical n-body calculations designed to constrain the masses and bulk densities Styx, Nix, Kerberos, Hydra. Comparisons different techniques for deriving semimajor axis eccentricity four satellites favor methods relying on theory Lee & Peale (2006), where satellite orbits are derived in context restricted three body problem (Pluto, Charon, one massless satel...

BACKGROUND Data on the contemporary mortality of coronary heart disease (CHD) are surprisingly sparse. AIM To describe the contemporary mortality of all manifestations of CHD. DESIGN Prospective follow-up of patients with a first presentation of CHD in a defined population. METHODS We studied 537 patients with a first presentation of acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina or new exe...