During asthma exacerbations, increased airway inflammation may impair the effects of beta(2)-adrenoceptor (beta(2)AR) agonists. It is unclear whether this impairment is prevented by inhaled glucocorticoids (GCs). We have investigated the relaxation of carbachol-contracted mouse tracheal segments to the beta(2)AR agonists formoterol, terbutaline, and salmeterol. The segments were pre-exposed for...

The glucocorticoid budesonide and the long-acting beta2-adrenoceptor agonist formoterol are used in asthma therapy for their anti-inflammatory and bronchodilating effects, respectively. Since expression of adhesion molecules on resident cells in the lung plays an important role in asthmatic inflammatory responses, the effects of these drugs on the cytokine-induced intercellular adhesion molecul...

This work aimed to prepare a nanoemulsion preparation containing budesonide and assess its aerodynamic behavior in comparison with suspension of budesonide. In-vitro aerodynamic performance of the corresponding micellar solution (ie. nanoemulsion preparation without oil) was investigated too. Nanoemulsions of almond oil containing budesonide, as a hydrophobic model drug molecule, were prepared ...

In the United States, budesonide/formoterol pressurized metered-dose inhaler (pMDI) is approved for treatment of asthma in patients aged ≥12 years whose asthma is not adequately controlled with an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) or whose disease severity clearly warrants treatment with an ICS and a long-acting β(2)-adrenergic agonist. This article reviews studies of budesonide/formoterol pMDI in p...

Inadequate immunomodulatory potency of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) may limit their therapeutic efficacy. We report glucocorticoid steroids augment MSC expression and activity of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a primary mediator of MSC immunomodulatory function. This effect depends on signaling through the glucocorticoid receptor and is mediated through up-regulation of FOXO3. Treatment of ...

Budesonide is the treatment of choice for microscopic colitis because of its excellent risk to benefit ratio. It is a potent, well-absorbed corticosteroid, but because of a high rate of first-pass metabolism in the liver, its systemic bioavailability is low. It has fewer corticosteroid-related adverse effects than prednisone, and adrenal suppression is considered to be rare. We present a middle...

Inhaled corticosteroids form the mainstay of the treatment and management of asthma and the results of a meta-analysis comparing two of the most frequently prescribed inhaled corticosteroids, fluticasone propionate and budesonide, administered in a clinically equivalent 1:2 dose ratio to 1980 patients with asthma, demonstrated that fluticasone propionate had an improved efficacy:safety ratio. H...

Budesonide (an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid), R115777 (a farnesyl transferase inhibitor, Zarnestra, Tipifarnib) or combinations of them were evaluated for prevention of lung tumors and for modulation of DNA methylation in tumors. Lung tumors were induced by vinyl carbamate in female Strain A mice. One week later, mice received 60 or 100 mg/kg R115777 by oral gavage and 5 days/week, 0.8 or 1...

BACKGROUND Budesonide is effective as initial therapy of mild to moderate Crohn's disease in adults. Superior tolerability to conventional corticosteroids might be attributed to extensive first-pass metabolism of budesonide by cytochrome P450 3A. AIM To evaluate biotransformation and pharmacodynamic action of budesonide in children. METHODS Drug disposition and effects on endogenous cortiso...

The effects of treatment with budesonide (200 micrograms twice daily) and terbutaline (500 micrograms four times daily) has been compared with the effects of placebo and terbutaline in 27 children with mild asthma, aged 7-14 years, in a double blind, randomised placebo controlled study over eight weeks. Bronchial responsiveness (PC20 histamine), lung function, the amplitude of diurnal variation...