PURPOSE The relation between transfection efficiency of DNA/polymer complexes and DNA conformational alterations is investigated. The buffering capacity of several synthetic polymers is also studied to relate their performance in transfection efficiency. METHODS The cationic polymer/DNA interaction was evaluated by measuring the alteration of DNA secondary structures in solution before and af...

Exercise training is recommended for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF); however, the mechanism(s) underlying its physiological benefits remain unclear. We investigated effects of an individualised aerobic interval programme on exercise capacity and redox status in IPF patients. were recruited prospectively to 8-week, twice-weekly cardiopulmonary test (CPET)-derived structured re...

This study was to evaluate the acid-buffering capacity and antibacterial properties of orthodontic adhesives containing bioactive glasses (BAGs) (45S5, 45S5F, S53P4), Hydroxyapatite, beta-tricalcium phosphate, Canasite. Fillers comprising 15 wt% glasses, HAp, β-TCP, Canasite incorporated with 55 silanated glass were added a mixture UDMA/TEGDMA. Acid-buffering tested by exposing disc-shaped samp...

Elevated anthropogenic nitrogen (N) deposition has become an important driver of soil acidification at both regional and global scales. It remains unclear, however, how long-term N deposition affects soil buffering capacity in tropical forest ecosystems and in ecosystems of contrasting land-use history. Here, we expand on a long-term N deposition experiment in three tropical forests that vary i...

We propose and evaluate two complementary techniques to protect and virtualize a tightly-coupled network interface in a multicomputer. The techniques allow efficient, direct application access to network hardware in a multiprogrammed environment while gaining most of the benefits of a memory-basednetwork interface. First, two-case delivery allows an application to receive a message directly fro...