Acid infusion studies were performed in nephrectomized rats and dogs with either intact parathyroid glands (intact) or after thyroparathyroidectomy (thyroparathyroidectomized [TPTX]) to determine the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in extrarenal disposal and buffering of acutely administered acid. 29 intact rats given 5 mM/kg HCl and 6 intact dogs given 7 mM/kg HCl developed severe metabolic ...

Communication is essential to members of a society not only for the expression of personal information, but also for the protection from environmental threats. Highly social mammals have a distinct characteristic: when conspecific animals are together, they show a better recovery from experiences of distress. This phenomenon, termed 'social buffering', has been found in rodents, birds, non-huma...

The subjective quality of video streaming has been studied for typical mobile setups, where bad radio conditions give rise to buffering effects (initial buffering and rebuffering). The study included a variety of transport bit rates, frame rates, types of content and buffering/rebuffering conditions. The properties of interruptions having the greatest impact on the perceived quality were found ...

A wearable computing has been proposed as an alternative of the best mobile computing interfaces and devices. A digital garment acts as a key element of wearable computing. We will apply digital yarn link as material of data communications on purpose to take advantage of a digital garment. This paper proposes the link buffering architecture and the transmission processes for peer-to-peer (P2P) ...

Chemical Buffering Extracellular buffers, including plasma proteins, phosphates, and bicarbonate, are the earliest defense against acidosis. The most prominent extracellular buffer is bicarbonate, which is highly abundant and acts as a dynamic buffer by independently regulating Pco2 through changes in alveolar ventilation. This feature increases buffering capacity by more than 10-fold. Bufferin...

We investigate the performance of sparsely-connected networks of integrate-and-fire neurons for ultra-short term information processing. We exploit the fact that the population activity of networks with balanced excitation and inhibition can switch from an oscillatory firing regime to a state of asynchronous irregular firing or quiescence depending on the rate of external background spikes. We ...

We consider buffer management in support of large-scale gossip-based peer-to-peer data dissemination protocols. Coupled with an efficient buffering mechanism, system-wide buffer usage can be optimized while providing reliability and scalability in such protocols. We propose a novel approach, Stepwise Fair-share Buffering, that provides uniform load distribution and reduces the overall buffer us...

Buffering architectures and policies for their efficient management constitute one of the core ingredients of a network architecture. In this work we introduce a new specification language, BASEL, that allows to express virtual buffering architectures and management policies representing a variety of economic models. BASEL does not require the user to implement policies in a high-level language...