In this article, we tried to emphasis in how the range of torsionally stiff and flexible single story buildings works. The designed base was according to provisions of the Canadian standard, 2005 NBCC. The behavior of nonlinear dynamic time history of eight building models subjected to seven horizontal bi-directional ground motions compatible with design spectra are investigated. These models c...

influencing and being influenced as a result of contact and communication of the nations has created many manifestations of culture and art in the history which architecture is one of. the roots and symbols of the french architecture and their impact on american complex architecture can be seen and looked for from the time of arrival of the french to the soil of the american land. the impact of...

abstract this paper by reviewing the main examples of small to medium-scale retractable roof structures covering building courtyards is to present an innovative rigid retractable roof system employing spatial frames for a courtyard of an existing building in tabriz islamic art university. the courtyard is currently used for temporary exhibitions and gatherings whenever permitted by environmenta...

The family of iterative methods for static and natural vibration analysis, based on preconditioned conjugate gradient (PCG) method with aggregation multilevel preconditioning, is considered. Both: the element-by-element procedure for assembling of stiffness matrix and sparse direct solver for it factoring and fast forward − backward substitutions ensure the high stability of methods against ill...

The characteristics and main properties of nucleic acids in general and DNA in particular are described. In addition, their relation to nanoconstruction is given and the main methods, obstacles and breakthroughs during the past ten years are revised. However, the backbone of the essay comprises the work of Seeman's group and their quest for rigidity in nanoconstruction using DNA as a building b...

In this paper we present an abstract semantic representation that is suitable for complex buildings. Facades with high-level detail are required in several domains, e.g. visualization of architectural settings and archaeological sites as well as computer animations. In order to support the user’s modeling task, besides geometrical data structural information like spatial relations is required. ...

We present generic knowledge to speed up the construction of information system requirements and more importantly the behavioral part of entities. Our solution is based on the hypothesis that generic structures (independent of a particular application) can be associated to classes of real world phenomena. Building information system requirements using such structures means to instantiate those ...

many old damaged and undamaged building structures do not meet the criteria of modern seismic design codes. such structures need to be seismically enhanced. the main objective of this paper is to propose and validate the effectiveness of an upgrade scheme for non-seismic buildings using steel plate shear walls (spsw). the upgrade is carried out considering a probability-based drift-based criter...