Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) is known to be a bombesin-like peptide present in mammalian tissues. Using GRP radioimmunoassay specific for carboxyl-terminal portion, the immunoreactive GRP (IR-GRP) content of 5 fetal lungs, 38 adult lungs, and 131 primary lung tumors was determined. All fetal lung extracts contained IR-GRP ranging from 31 to 140 ng/g, wet weight. IR-GRP was present in 7 to 21...

Buried pipe leakage can lead to poor heat transfer performance and even system failure. Leakage analysis of buried tube greatly affects the operation condition diagnosis for exchange in tube. In this study, simulation software was applied analyzing process efficiency pipes under different conditions. Moreover, changes outlet temperature, water pressure flow rate were simulated at positions dive...

Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) is known to be a bombesinlike peptide present in mammalian tissues. Using GRP radioimmunoassay specific for carboxyl-terminal portion, the immunoreactive GRP (IR-GRP) content of 5 fetal lungs, 38 adult lungs, and 131 primary lung tumors was determined. All fetal lung extracts contained IR-GRP ranging from 31 to 140 ng/g, wet weight. IR-GRP was present in 7 to 21%...

Gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) is a 27-residue peptide hormone which is analogous to the amphibian peptide bombesin. GRP serves a variety of physiological functions and has been implicated as an autocrine factor in the growth regulation of small cell lung cancer cells. We have developed a series of potent GRP antagonists by modification of the COOH terminus of N-acetyl-GRP-20-27. The most pote...

The ligand-binding properties of the gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) receptor and the cellular processing of GRP have been studied in the small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell line COR-L42. Scatchard analysis of GRP receptor expression indicated a single class of high-affinity receptors (Kd 1.5 nM) and approx. 6700 receptors/cell. GRP bound to its receptor with a Ki of 2.4 nM. The bombesin-related...

Exposure of the gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) receptor to agonists causes a rapid desensitization of the receptor-stimulated mobilization of intracellular calcium. Homologous desensitization occurs by uncoupling the G-proteins from the receptor and by ligand induced internalization. The molecular determinants of desensitization of the GRP receptor are not well known. The importance of tyrosin...

Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) is a mitogen and morphogen important in the development of human colon cancers. Although epithelial cells lining the colon do not normally express GRP or its receptor (GRP-R), most human tumors express GRP-R mRNA. Yet functional protein has only been detected in 24 to 40% of colon cancers. To elucidate the reason for the difference between the expression of GRP/G...

Epithelial cells lining the adult human colon do not normally express gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) or its receptor (GRPR). In contrast, approximately one-third of human colon cancers and cancer cell lines have been shown to express GRP-binding sites. Because GRPR activation causes the proliferation of many cancer cell lines, GRP has been presumed to act as a clinically significant growth fac...

The mammalian bombesin peptides [gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) and neuromedin B (NMB)] are important in numerous biological and pathological processes. These effects are mediated by the heptahelical GRP receptor (GRPR) and NMB receptor (NMBR). GRP has high affinity for GRPR and lower affinity for NMBR. Almost nothing is known about the molecular basis for the selectivity of GRP. To address th...