The quantification of aircraft level benefits like the reduction of mass, drag, power offtake, and consequently fuel burn is a key aspect in assessing new technologies like green taxiing systems, electrical environmental control systems, and optimized aircraft trajectories. A basic means to determine these deltas is a detailed dynamic model of the aircraft containing the flight dynamics, kinema...

Introduction Lean NOx Traps (LNTs) represent a viable solution for the abatement of NOx emissions from lean–burn engines [1]. Several studies were published on the mechanisms of both the NOx storage [1] and reduction [2], but a complete understanding of these processes has not yet been achieved. We have previously shown that on Pt-Ba/Al2O3 LNT systems the reduction of nitrates by H2 involves a ...

background: general practitioners are the first who visit burn patients and they first calculate burn size and required fluid for the patient. error in calculation can be disastrous. the purpose of this study is to compare four methods of estimating burn size to teach students. methods: this is a descriptive-analytic study on 37 medical students. four methods of estimating burn percentage was t...

The super-knock poses new challenges for further increasing the power density of spark ignition (SI) engines. critical factors and mechanism connecting regarding occurrence are still unclear. Misfire is a common phenomenon in SI engines that mixture cylinder not ignited normally, which often caused by plug failure. However, effect misfire on engine combustion has been paid enough attention to, ...

In new generation aero-engines, lean-burn combustors are equipped with swirl injectors in order to reduce pollutant emissions. At the exit of these combustors, flow is dominated by temperature non-uniformity (hot-streak) and residual swirl. Available research has focused mainly on isolated effects only or hot-streak aerodynamic performance thermal high-pressure turbine (HPT). Only few studies i...

The reduction of automotive exhaust emissions has been one of the hottest topics in catalysis community since 1970s. Thanks to the development of three-way catalysts, main auto-exhaust pollutants, such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and unburned hydrocarbons, can be removed simultaneously. Nowadays, diesel engines and lean-burn engines become more and more popular due to their high fuel-ef...

This review paper summarizes major developments in vehicular emissions regulations and technologies from 2014. The paper starts with the key regulatory advancements in the field, including newly proposed Non-Road Mobile Machinery regulations for 2019-20 in Europe, and the continuing developments towards real driving emissions (RDE) standards. An expert panel in India proposed a roadmap through ...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none fa microsoftinternetexplorer4 objective: occupational burns are among the important causes of work-related fatalities and absenteeism. epidemiologic assessment of these injuries is important to define high-risk jobs. we designed this study to evaluate the epidemiology of occupational burns in yazd, an industrial province in iran. materials and methods: th...