Burst firing of dopaminergic neurons in ventral tegmental area (VTA) induces a large transient increase in synaptic dopamine (DA) release and thus is considered the reward-related signal. But the mechanisms of burst generation of dopaminergic neuron still remain unclear. This experiment investigated the burst firing of VTA dopaminergic neurons in rat midbrain slices perfused with carbachol and ...

With the increasing interest in optical burst switching (OBS) networks, the performance assessment of this kind of networks became of particular concern. Recently, some authors suggested that burst loss was not a reliable performance assessment metric for OBS networks. Refuting this claim, this paper presents simulation results obtained for a ring network, using real tributary IPv4 packets as s...

A time-scale invariant burst-detection algorithm for single-unit spike train is described. This burst analysis is an auto-adaptive algorithm that uses interand intra-burst intervals for identifying the burst itself. By using a self-adaptive algorithm, a burst is de$ned by the characteristic $ring patterns within and between bursts. Bursts are detected by auto-adaptive method when the inter-burs...

Optical burst switching (OBS) is one of the most promising nextgeneration all-optical data transport paradigms. As networks become increasingly distributed and autonomic, Optical Burst Switching becomes the right choice for the next generation optical Internet. In this paper, we propose a mechanism for Dynamic Routing of Reliability-Differentiated connections (DRRDC) in Optical Burst Switched n...

This paper analyzes the effects of a convulsant and an anticonvulsant manipulation on spontaneous bursts in CA3 pyramidal cells in the in vitro slice preparation under conditions of low (3.3 mM [K(+)](o)) and high (8.5 mM [K(+)](o)) burst probability. When burst probability was low, the anticonvulsant, pentobarbital, produced the anticipated effects: the burst duration decreased and interburst ...

In this paper, the optical composite burst switching (OCBS) technique is proposed to be implemented in an all-optical backbone network to support Internet protocol (IP) traffic. The OCBS is based on two main features. First, several IP packets are assembled in a single macropacket, called burst. Second, the burst contention in an optical switch is handled by means of two techniques, the wavelen...

Pyramidal cells in the electrosensory lateral line lobe (ELL) of weakly electric fish have been observedto produce high-frequency burst discharge with constant depolarizing current (Turner et al., 1994). We present a two-compartment model of an ELL pyramidal cell that produces burst discharges similar to those seen in experiments.The burst mechanism involves a slowly changing intera...

OBJECTIVE Burst-suppression is an electroencephalographic pattern observed during coma. In individuals without known brain pathologies undergoing deep general anesthesia, somatosensory stimulation transiently increases the occurrence of bursts. We investigated the reactivity of burst-suppression in children with acquired brain injury. METHODS Intensive care unit electroencephalographic monito...

Motivated by intention to evaluate asymptotically multiple-burst-error-correcting codes on channels with memory, we will derive the following fact. Let {Zi} be a hidden Markov process, i.e., a functional of a Markov chain with a finite state space, and Wb(Z1Z2 . . . Zn) denote the number of burst errors that appear in Z1Z2 . . . Zn, where the number of burst errors is counted using Gabidulin’s ...

This paper presents a new analytical model for calculating burst loss rate (BLR) in a slotted optical burst switched network. The analytical result leads to a framework which provides guidelines for optical burst switched networks. Wavelength converter is used for burst contention resolution. The effect of several design parameters such as burst arrival probability, wavelength conversion capabi...