BACKGROUND The incidence and prevalence of urinary stone are increasing throughout the world. Compared to the past, recent demographics of patient with urolithiasis compositions are strikingly different. Furthermore, recent clinical studies implied that seasonal cyclicity might influence the distribution of stone composition. METHODS We sought to determine the trends in pathogenesis of urolit...

1. The urinary F1 activation peptide of prothrombin is the predominant protein incorporated into calcium oxalate crystals precipitated from human urine. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of pure urinary prothrombin F1 on calcium oxalate crystallization in human urine. 2. Urinary prothrombin F1 was purified from demineralized calcium oxalate crystals precipitated from human urine, ...

BACKGROUND Overgrowth of calcium oxalate on Randall's plaque is a mechanism of stone formation among idiopathic calcium oxalate stone-formers (ICSFs). It is less clear how stones form when there is little or no plaque. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Participants were a consecutive cohort of ICSFs who underwent percutaneous nephroscopic papillary mapping in the kidney or kidneys...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Higher levels of urinary oxalate substantially increase the risk of calcium oxalate kidney stones. However, the determinants of urinary oxalate excretion are unclear. The objective was to examine the impact of dietary factors, age, body size, diabetes, and urinary factors on 24-h urinary oxalate. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, AND MEASUREMENTS We conducted a cross-se...

The microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles and their biological functions in calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis remain unclear. In this study, we investigate the miRNA and mRNA expression profiles of kidney tissues in calcium oxalate stone rats. 16 Sprague Dawley rats were divided into control group and stone-forming group. 24-hour urine samples and kidney tissues were collected for biochemical and ...

Foods that are high in citrate content generally are assumed to deliver alkali load when consumed irrespective of the accompanying cation. The object of this randomized, crossover study was to compare the effects of orange juice with those of lemonade on acid-base profile and urinary stone risks under controlled metabolic conditions. Thirteen volunteers (nine healthy subjects and four stone for...

Background: The incidence and prevalence of urinary stone are increasing throughout the world. Compared with the past, urolithiasis compositions by patient demographics are strikingly different. Furthermore, recent clinical studies implied that seasonal cyclicity might influence the distribution of stone composition. Methods: We sought to determine the trends in pathogenesis of urolithiasis bas...

PURPOSE Urolithiasis is a common urological disorder responsible for serious human affliction and cost to the society with a high recurrence rate. The aim of the present study was to systematically evaluate the phlorotannin rich extract of Sargassum wightii using suitable in vitro and in vivo models to provide scientific evidence for its antilithiatic activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS To explor...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Primary hyperoxaluria types I and II (PHI and PHII) are rare monogenic causes of hyperoxaluria and calcium oxalate urolithiasis. Recently, we described type III, due to mutations in HOGA1 (formerly DHDPSL), hypothesized to cause a gain of mitochondrial 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase activity, resulting in excess oxalate. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMEN...

We have determined that the organic matrix of calcium oxalate kidney stones contains a glycoprotein inhibitor of calcium oxalate crystal growth (nephrocalcin) that resembles nephrocalcin present in the urine of patients with calcium oxalate stones and differs from nephrocalcin from the urine of normal people. Pulverized calcium oxalate renal stones were extracted with 0.05M EDTA, pH 8.0; nephro...