OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT), using a GaAlAs diode laser device, on bone healing and growth in rat calvarial bone defects. STUDY DESIGN An animal trial of 4 weeks' duration was conducted using a randomized blind, placebo-controlled design. Standardized round osseous defects of 2.7 mm diameter were made in each parietal bone of 20 rats (n=40 defects). The ...

BACKGROUND Calvarial lesions are often detected incidentally in routine radiology. Most lytic lesions of the skull are benign. Enlarged parietal foramina are benign lesions caused by deficient intramembranous ossification. CASE REPORT An 11 month-old female patient was admitted with a mass on the right of the back of the head. Physical examination showed a soft 5 cm mass area with no palpable...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the biological effects of cyanoacrylate-combined calcium phosphate (CCP), in particular its potential to act as a physical barrier - functioning like a membrane - in rabbit calvarial defects. METHODS In each animal, four circular calvarial defects with a diameter of 8 mm were prepared and then filled with either nothing (control group) or one...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of intermittent treatment of parathyroid hormone (PTH (1-34)) on the bone regeneration of critically-sized rat calvarial bone defects. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-two male rats were trephined (4mm full-thickness diameter), in the central part of the parietal bones and divided into 2 groups of 16. The PTH group received subcutaneous ...

There is an urgent need to develop biomimetic bone tissue engineering scaffolds for the repair of critical-sized calvarial defect. In this study, we developed a new nanoparticle-embedded electrospun nanofiber scaffold for the controlled dual delivery of BMP-2 and dexamethasone (DEX). The scaffold was achieved by (1) the encapsulation of BMP-2 into bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles to mai...

INTRODUCTION Scalp and calvarial defects may result from trauma, thermal or electrical burns, resection of benign or malignant tumors, infections or radionecrosis. Reconstruction of large scalp defects is a demanding procedure. The reconstructive "ladder" are applicable to scalp and calvarial defects reconstruction. CASE OUTLINE A 68-year-old female was admitted to our clinic due to the nine-...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of the present study was to evaluate bone healing in rabbit critical-sized calvarial defects using two different synthetic scaffold materials, solid biodegradable bioactive glass and tricalcium phosphate granules alongside solid and particulated autogenous bone grafts. MATERIAL AND METHODS Bilateral full thickness critical-sized calvarial defects were created in 15 New ...

Early vascularization is a prerequisite for successful bone healing and endothelial progenitor cells (EPC), seeded on appropriate biomaterials, can improve vascularization. The type of biomaterial influences EPC function with bioglass evoking a vascularizing response. In this study the influence of a composite biomaterial based on polylactic acid (PLA) and either 20 or 40% bioglass, BG20 and BG...

Large skeletal defects caused by trauma, congenital malformations, and post-oncologic resections of the calvarium present major challenges to the reconstructive surgeon. We previously identified BMP-9 as the most osteogenic BMP in vitro and in vivo. Here we sought to investigate the bone regenerative capacity of murine-derived calvarial mesenchymal progenitor cells (iCALs) transduced by BMP-9 i...

Alendronate (ALN) is a bisphosphonate drug that is widely used for the treatment of osteoporosis. Furthermore, local delivery of ALN has the potential to improve the bone regeneration. This study was designed to investigate an ALN-containing fibrin (fibrin/ALN) gel and evaluate the effect of this gel on both in vitro cellular behavior using human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and in vivo bone ...