Utilization of fossil fuel for supplying of requires energy of desalination systems is common. On the other hand, solar energy is one of the high-grade energies in the world that can be found specifically in hot weather places. Therefore, utilization of solar energy for operation of desalination systems will reduce greenhouse gases and is a good alternative way. Common exergy analysis method (s...

A batch experiment was conducted to compare the Cu scavenging capacity between two different red mud types: the first one was a highly basic red mud derived from a combined sintering and Bayer process, and the second one was a seawater-neutralized red mud derived from the Bayer process. The first red mud contained substantial amounts of CaCO3, which, in combination with the high OH activity, fa...

Mangrove is an important ecosystem in the world. Mangrove ecosystems have a large capacity in retaining heavy metals, and now they are usually considered as sinks for heavy metals. However, the mechanism of why the soil of mangrove ecosystems can retain heavy metal is not certain. In this research, endophytic fungus Purpureocillium sp. A5 was isolated and identified from the roots of Kandelia c...

Transition metal fluorides are an appealing alternative to conventional intercalation compounds for use as cathodes in next-generation lithium batteries due to their extremely high capacity (3-4 times greater than the current state-of-the-art). However, issues related to reversibility, energy efficiency and kinetics prevent their practical application. Here we report on the synthesis, structura...

Adsorption equilibria and NMR experiments were performed to study the adsorption and interactions of ammonia with metal-organic framework (MOF) HKUST-1, or Cu(3)(BTC)(2) (BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate). Ammonia capacities determined from chemical breakthrough measurements show significantly higher uptake capacities than from adsorption alone, suggesting a stronger interaction involving a po...

Using a soft-template assisted method, well-organized Cu/TiO(2) nanoarchitectured electrode materials with copper nanowires as their own current collectors are synthesized by controlled hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate in the presence of Cu-based nanowires, and investigated by SEM, TEM, XRD, Raman spectroscopy and electrochemical tests towards lithium storage. Two types of Cu/TiO(2) nanocompos...

Pb2Cu3B4O11 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2/n (No. 13) with a = 6.8016(15) A, b = 4.7123(10) A, c = 14.614(3) A, beta = 97.089(3) degrees, and Z = 2. The crystal structure consists of infinite [Cu3O8]10- zigzag chains of alternating dimers and monomers. The magnetic susceptibility and specific heat capacity show spin-gap and Curie-Weiss behaviors that can be explained by a model o...

Damping properties of the inherent and intrinsic internal friction peaks (IFPT + IFI) of Cu-xZn-11Al (x = 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.5, and 9.0 wt. %) shape memory alloys (SMAs) were investigated by using dynamic mechanical analysis. The Cu-7.5Zn-11Al, Cu-8.0Zn-11Al, and Cu-8.5Zn-11Al SMAs with (IFPT + IFI)β3(L21)→γ′ 3(2H) peaks exhibit higher damping capacity than the Cu-7.0Zn-11Al SMA with a (IFPT + IF...

Cu-based, solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) electrodes were modified by electrodeposition of Co. The addition of only 5-vol% Co by electrodeposition significantly improved the thermal stability compared to either Cu-ceriaYSZ, Cu-Co-ceria-YSZ, or Co-ceria-YSZ electrodes prepared only by impregnation with much higher metal loadings, demonstrating that electrodeposited metal layers form metal films wit...

we consider path-based protection methods for twolink failures in mesh optical networks. Two link-disjoint backup paths are pre-computed for each source and destination node pair. We identify the scenarios where the backup paths can share their wavelengths without violating 100% restoration guarantee (backup multiplexing). We use integer programming to optimize the total capacity requirement fo...