Tooth whitening has become increasingly popular; according to the American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry, Americans spend 1.4 billion dollars per year on tooth whitening. There are several approaches including use abrasives for mechanical removal material, colorants, and oxidation chromophores that make stains [1,2].

Bleaching teeth with 10% carbamide peroxide in a custom-fitted tray has been popular for more than 10 years. However, primary teeth are seldom considered for bleaching due to the need for compliance by the child and the natural whiteness of the primary teeth. This report describes an indication-teeth darkened from trauma-as well as the technique and outcome for bleaching discolored primary teeth.

AIM The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the surface roughness and hardness of both unbleached and bleached (opalescence; 10% carbamide peroxide) human enamel brushed with water (without dentifrice), fluoride abrasive dentifrice (Colgate Total) and whitening dentifrice (Natural White). MATERIALS AND METHODS Human enamel samples were obtained from third molars and randomly divided in...

This study evaluated in vitro and in situ the potential adverse effects of 10% carbamide peroxide on human enamel using microhardness, calcium loss and surface morphology analysis. Twenty-four enamel slices (4 mm2) were obtained from recently extracted premolars. The specimens were polished under water-cooling down to 1,200-grade sandpaper. After initial microhardness readings (100 g), the spec...

OBJECTIVE This study investigated the compressive fracture strength and failure pattern in premolars submitted to endodontic treatment and internal bleaching with 37% carbamide peroxide for 21 days, with application of different restorative procedures. MATERIAL AND METHODS Six groups were employed (n = 10): 1) non-bleached teeth and pulp chamber sealed with IRM; 2) bleached teeth and pulp cha...

184 When our first article appeared in 1989 introducing nightguard vital bleaching (at-home bleaching) in a tray using 10% carbamide peroxide to the world,1 we never imagined the impact this simple procedure would have on the profession and the public. As this technique became accepted as safe and effective, other frontiers were explored. Companies introduced higher concentrations of carbamide ...

objective: the present in vitro study was undertaken to compare the effects of hydrogel and solution forms of sodium ascorbate on microleakage of composite restorations subsequent to a non-vital bleaching procedure with 10% carbamide peroxide. materials and methods: forty-eight sound extracted human maxillary incisors were obtained. following root canal therapy, the teeth were randomly divided ...

Tooth whitening is one of the most conservative procedures for increasing aesthetics patients, but effect bleaching on ceramic restorations has not been extensively studied. In this study, three dental restoration materials (polished/glazed lithium disilicate glass ceramic, leucite reinforced and zirconium dioxide ceramic) investigated in terms surface roughness changes exposed samples. Philips...

This study evaluated the histological changes in dental pulp after nightguard vital bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide gel. Fifteen patients between 12 and 26 years of age with caries-free first premolars scheduled for orthodontic extraction were treated with 10% Opalescence (Ultradent Products, Inc). Tooth #5 had four days of bleaching, tooth #12 was treated for two weeks, tooth #21 was ble...