Oxidative stress contributes to the cascade, leading to dopamine cell degeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, oxidative stress is intimately linked to other components of the degenerative process, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, nitric oxide toxicity and inflammation. It is therefore difficult to determine whether oxidative stress leads to, or is a consequence of, ...

The 12-lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism in platelets and other cells is bifurcated into a reduction route yielding 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) and an isomerization route forming hepoxilins. Here we show for the first time the presence of phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx) protein and its activity in platelets. The ratio of the activity of ...

Studies have shown increased oxidative stress in patients with chronic airflow limitation; however, the population-based evidence for the association of oxidative stress with pulmonary function is limited. The authors analyzed the association of plasma thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and 6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid...

Selenium, as selenocysteine, is an integral component of two important enzymes — glutathione peroxidase and iodothyronine deiodinase — that are present in many tissues, including the thyroid gland. Glutathione peroxidase catalyzes the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide, thereby protecting against oxidative damage. Iodothyronine deiodinase catalyzes the deiodination of thyroxine to triiodothyronine,...

N-Methyl ebselenamines carrying an aminic group in very close proximity to selenium as excellent chain-breaking and glutathione peroxidase-like antioxidants could reduce the production of ROS C6 astroglial cell lines with minimal toxic effects.

The present study was designed to elucidate the antioxidant effect of (-)-epicatechin in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. Intraperitoneal administration of (-)-epicatechin at doses of 15 and 30 mg/kg to diabetic rats for a period of 35 days resulted in a significant decrease in blood glucose, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and hydroperoxides and a significant increase in ...

The effects of organic and inorganic sources and concentration (0 and 0.3 mg per kg of diet) of Selenium (Se) on growth performance, blood biochemical and immune system were evaluated in broiler chickens. Chickens were fed corn-soy-based diets formulated to 8 dietary treatments containing no added Se (negative control), negative control plus yeast (positive control), and 6 diets had 0.3 mg/kg o...

1. Iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase, which is mainly responsible for peripheral triiodothyronine (T3) production, has recently been demonstrated to be a selenium-containing enzyme. In the elderly, reduced peripheral conversion of thyroxine (T4) to T3 and overt hypothyroidism are frequently observed. 2. We measured serum selenium and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (as indices of selenium status),...

Ethanol is a testicular toxin and it causes fertility abnormalities with low sperm count and impaired sperm motility in men. The present study was designed to investigate plasma testosterone level and hypothalamic pituitary gonadal (HPG) axis function in alcoholic men and also effect of ethanol on systemic oxidative stress. Forty six male alcohol abusers in the age group 20-40 years were select...

Paracetamol caused liver damage as evident by significant increase in the activities of aspartate and alanine transferases. There were general statistically significant losses in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione transferase and an increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in the liver of paracetamol treated group compared with th...