Many authors have drawn attention to occlusive disease of the carotid arteries as a cause of cerebral ischemia. Although total carotid artery occlusion may be caused by different disease entities, by far the most frequent cause remains atherosclerosis. However, because of uncertainty about the pathophysiology of symptomatic internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion, there has been controversy sur...

The association of retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) with atherosclerosis of the carotid artery in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains undefined. We aimed to investigate the correlation of RBP4 expression with atherosclerosis of the carotid artery in T2DM. A total of 1,076 subjects were investigated for intima-media thickness of the bilateral common carotid arteries, and they were divided in...

To evaluate the association between extracranial carotid atherosclerosis, race, and transient ischemic attack, we carried out a retrospective hospital chart review and quantified the extent of noninvasively determined extracranial carotid atherosclerosis in 25 black patients greater than 45 years old with transient ischemic attacks. Two sex- and age-matched white patients with transient ischemi...

OBJECTIVE This study was designed to examine why in WHHL rabbits, muscular arteries, such as the carotid artery, are relatively resistant to atherosclerosis compared with the aorta, with a special reference to monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1. METHODS AND RESULTS MCP-1 mRNA expression was quantitated by Northern blot analysis, and its protein expression was quantitated by immunostaini...

Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) has been one widely used index of early carotid atherosclerosis. We speculated that the influence of blood pressure variability (BPV) on early carotid atherosclerosis may be varied by the location of the carotid artery and diabetes history. Thus, the goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of BPV on early arteriosclerosis progression in different segm...

BACKGROUND Atherosclerotic lesions of the carotid and lower extremity arteries may be associated with renal artery stenosis and influence the management of patients with renal artery disease. OBJECTIVE To document the prevalence and clinical features of carotid and lower extremity arterial disease in patients with renal artery atherosclerosis. METHODS An analysis of baseline data on 149 pat...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The presence of carotid plaque reflects overall atherosclerotic burden and may predict coronary artery disease events. We examined the association among carotid atherosclerosis, history of atherothrombotic events, and risk of coronary events. METHODS Among 45 227 patients in the Reduction of Atherothrombosis for Continued Health (REACH) Registry with 4-year follow-up, 2...

INTRODUCTION Wall shear stress (WSS) is critically important in both vascular remodeling and atherosclerosis. Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and deformation parameters have been used as relevant indicators of carotid atherosclerosis. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between hemodynamic parameters in the common carotid artery (CCA) and the severity of carotid atheroscleros...