This study aimed to elucidate the influence of environment pH on survival, growth, energy allocation and oxidative damage of juvenile Scophthalmus maximus (19.89±0.25 g). Six pH treatments (6.3±0.2, 6.8±0.2, 7.3±0.2, 7.8±0.2, 8.3±0.2, 8.8±0.2) lasting for eight weeks were included. Measurements of survival (SR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), speci...

Diet analysis is a prerequisite to fully understand the biology of a species and the functioning of ecosystems. For carnivores, traditional diet analyses mostly rely upon the morphological identification of undigested remains in the faeces. Here, we developed a methodology for carnivore diet analyses based on the next-generation sequencing. We applied this approach to the analysis of the verteb...

tobacco smoke contains numerous compounds, many ‎of which are oxidants and capable of producing free radical and enhancing ‎the oxidative stress. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cigarette smoking on the erythrocyte antioxidative enzyme activities and the plasma ‎concentration of their cofactors. ‎sixty eight healthy men were enrolled, 32 of whom had never smoked and 36 ha...

The aim of this study is to reveal the morphology of the lyssa in the cat and dog. Eight heads of adult healthy cats and eight heads of dogs of both sexes were used as materials. In the cat the lyssa, yellow coloured, had a helical appearance and its edge facing the oral cavity became sharp; in the dog the lyssa, pinkish white coloured, was more or less J-shaped. The whole body of the cat’s lys...

The purpose of this study was to examine host distribution patterns among fecal bacteria in the order Bacteroidales, with the goal of using endemic sequences as markers for fecal source identification in aquatic environments. We analyzed Bacteroidales 16S rRNA gene sequences from the feces of eight hosts: human, bovine, pig, horse, dog, cat, gull, and elk. Recovered sequences did not match data...

A spot-on metaflumizone formulation was evaluated to determine its adulticidal efficacy, effect upon egg production, and ovicidal activity when applied to flea infested cats. Eight male and eight female adult domestic shorthair cats were randomly assigned to either serve as non-treated controls or were treated topically with a minimum of 40mg/kg metaflumizone in single spot-on Day 0. On Days -2...

The coding region of the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) gene is wide1y used as an indicator gene in gene transfer experiments dealing with regulation of transcription in eukaryotes. Chimaeric CAT fusion genes are especially useful because no endogenous CAT activity is present in eukaryotic ce11s and because CAT enzyme activity can be monitored by a rapid and sensitive assay (...

now-a-days truncus arteriosus has been known as “common arterial trunk” (cat) and is an uncommon congenital cardiac defect presenting in about 1-3% congenital heart disease. environmental and genetic factors effects on incidence of cat and other conotruncal anomalies. the majority patients with cat and 22q11 deletion have other anomalies such as hypoplasia or aplasia of the thymus or parath...