Acknowledgements: Our biggest thanks are to the respondents in Bosnia and the North Caucasus region who graciously answered our questions. We also are grateful to Marina Francic and Dino Djipa of Prism Research in Sarajevo, as well as Alexei Grazhdankin of the Levada Center in Moscow for organizing and successfully carrying out the large and complex surveys in Bosnia and the North Caucasus; Vla...

How does religion shape the nature of insurgency? Do Islamist insurgents fight differently from those with secular aims, like national selfdetermination? Do they select different types of targets, use different military strategies, respond to different types of incentives? Scholarly attention to the role of religion in civil and interstate war has increased in recent years, but there remains li...

Pluractionality, also referred to as verbal plurality (Yu 2003) or event plurality (Wood 2007), is a morphological category that indicates some sort of “multiplicity” in the semantic reading of a verb. The prototypical interpretation of a pluractional verb is that of iterativity (repeated actions). This reading is illustrated in the following examples from Ingush, a Nakh language of the Northea...

Adaptations of Abies nordmanniana, Picea orientalis, Pinus sylvestris, Fagus and Carpinus betulus to the abiotic environmental conditions study area largely determined their predicted distribution in Caucasus. The ecological niches species mostly coincided two analyzed complex factors (characteristics water regime topographic parameters). humidity factor was main determining potential forest-fo...

The Caucasus, at the border of Europe and Asia, is important for migration and over-wintering of wild waterbirds. Three flyways, the Central Asian, East Africa-West Asia, and Mediterranean/Black Sea flyways, converge in the Caucasus region. Thus, the Caucasus region might act as a migratory bridge for influenza virus transmission when birds aggregate in high concentrations in the post-breeding,...

[1] The Arabia-Eurasia collision deforms an area of 3,000,000 km of continental crust, making it one of the largest regions of convergent deformation on Earth. There are now estimates for the active slip rates, total convergence and timing of collision-related deformation of regions from western Turkey to eastern Iran. This paper shows that extrapolating the present day slip rates of many activ...

The paper analyzes the language policy and its implementation in North Caucasus modern period. experience of work state authorities educational institutions sphere is studied. It noted that Russia problem preserving languages peoples country, including Caucasus, became urgent after native (national) were excluded from federal standard. After some discontent, amendments adopted to articles law ‘...

This article investigates the effects of Georgia’s current geopolitical situation on country’s economic development. Although Georgia lost control two strategic regions such as Abkhazia and Ossetia, right after collapse Soviet Union, it maintained its importance in South Caucasus. In this context, definition geographical space was clarified article, recent Caucasus, changes region results these...