Sir: In recent years, a number of new parenteral cephalosporins with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and a high stability against various /Mactamases have been reported1}. Most of them have a 7j5-[(Z)-2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-2-alkoxyiminoacetamido] side chain, such as ceftizoxime (CZX) and ceftazidime (CAZ). They show excellent activity against Gram-negative bacteria and moderate act...

PURPOSE We report a case of infectious endophthalmitis that developed after the third intravitreal injection of bevacizumab. The endophthalmitis was caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis. METHODS Observational case series. RESULTS This was a case of a 77-year-old man who had received three intravitreal injections of bevacizumab and developed infectious endophthalmitis. Polymerase chain react...

Introduction Cephalosporins are beta-lactam antimicrobials that share mechanisms of action and a similar structure with penicillins (Figure). Penicillins and cephalosporins have the same four-member “core” beta-lactam ring, but cephalosporins have an additional atom in the side ring. Modified side chains on either ring alter antimicrobial activity, resistance to beta-lactamases, or pharmacokine...

Cephalosporins have been well known to have potent convulsant activity. We studied the mechanism of the convulsions induced by cephalosporins. Cefazolin, cephaloridine, cefpirome and cefmetazole inhibited the receptor binding of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory transmitter in the mammalian central nervous system. As fluoroquinolones also inhibited GABA receptor binding and this inh...

The clinical isolate Escherichia coli CF884 exhibited low-level resistance to ceftazidime (4 mug/ml) by a positive double-disk synergy test and apparent susceptibility to cefuroxime, cefotaxime, cefepime, cefpirome, and aztreonam. The enzyme implicated in this phenotype was a novel 180-kb plasmid-encoded TEM-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamase designated TEM-126 which harbors the mutations As...