Receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase beta (RPTP beta) is expressed in the developing nervous system and contains a carbonic anhydrase (CAH) domain as well as a fibronectin type III repeat in its extracellular domain. Fusion proteins containing these domains were used to search for ligands of RPTP beta. The CAH domain bound specifically to a 140 kDa protein expressed on the surface of neur...

To define the impact of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-encoded glycoproteins on the selection of the T-cell receptor repertoire, we have determined the frequency with which T-cell receptor variable region (V alpha and V beta) genes are expressed in T cells from MHC disparate mice. Approximately 500 T-cell hybridomas were generated from each of three strains of MHC congenic mice [B10 (H-...

conclusions these findings indicated the association of the hbsag titer and serum ifnar2 in hbsag clearance in hepatitis b virus- infected patients. in consequence, immune mechanisms related to ifn-α/β signaling might be responsible in chb outcome. background loss of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) in chronic hepatitis b (chb) infection is a favorable outcome. type i interferon (ifni) has a...

Neurotoxicity of beta-amyloid peptide (A beta) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is usually thought to arise from the nonspecific effects of high concentrations of A beta on vulnerable neurons, resulting in membrane destabilization and increasing intracellular calcium concentration. This review advances the hypothesis that at early stages of AD, when A beta is present in lower amounts, its ability to...

The beta(2)-adrenergic receptor (beta(2)-AR) negatively regulates T cell activity through the activation of the G(s)/adenylyl cyclase/cAMP pathway. beta(2)-AR desensitization, which can be induced by its phosphorylation, may have important consequences for the regulation of T cell function in asthma. In the present study we demonstrate that the C-C chemokine thymus and activation-regulated chem...

The involvement of integrins in mediating interaction of cells to well-characterized proteolytic fragments (P1, E3, and E8) of laminin was assessed by antibody blocking studies. Cell adhesion to fragment P1 was affected by mAbs against the integrin beta 1 and beta 3 subunits and furthermore could be prevented completely by a synthetic peptide containing the Arg-Gly-Asp sequence. Because the bet...

Type 2 diabetes mellitus results from an inadequate adaptation of the functional pancreatic beta cell mass in the face of insulin resistance. Changes in the concentration of glucose play an essential role in the regulation of beta cell turnover. In human islets, elevated glucose concentrations impair beta cell proliferation and induce beta cell apoptosis via up-regulation of the Fas receptor. R...

Cytokine receptors from the IL-6 receptor family are comprised of ligand specific alpha chains and a common signalling chain, gp-130, which is also required for high affinity binding. A cDNA library generated from the beta-TC3 SV40 T-antigen transformed insulinoma cell line was screened for members of this receptor family potentially relevant to both beta cell development and autoimmunity. Dege...

Primary and first passage aortic endothelial cells were shown to possess a high affinity receptor for beta-migrating very low density lipoproteins (beta-VLDL) distinct from the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor and scavenger receptor on these cells. In bovine aortic endothelial cells, 125I-rabbit beta-VLDL was taken up and degraded by a high affinity process that was competed for by unlabe...

Cell fate decisions during development are governed by multi-factorial regulatory mechanisms including chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, binding of transcription factors to specific loci, RNA and protein synthesis. However, the which such “dimensions” coordinate cell currently poorly understood. Here we quantified multi-dimensional molecular changes that occur in mouse embryonic stem cells...