BACKGROUND AND AIMS In Tilia amurensis, two types of trichomes (hairy and glandular) develop from epidermal surfaces of cotyledons and hypocotyls of zygotic embryos soon after germination. Here, it is demonstrated that glandular trichome initials develop directly into somatic embryos when treated in vitro with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). METHODS Zygotic embryos of Tilia amurensis ...

White leaf spot pathogen: Neopseudocercosporella capsellae causes significant damage to many economically important Brassicaceae crops, including oilseed rape through foliar, stem, and pod lesions under cool wet conditions. A lack of information on critical aspects the pathogen’s life cycle limits development effective control measures. The presence single-celled spores along with multi-celled ...

In view of the importance of determination of cell type in patients with bronchial carcinoma who are to be given chemotherapy a series of 140 histologically proved cases was analysed to assess the accuracy of pretreatment diagnosis by cytology and bronchial biopsy. Final histological diagnosis was made after thoracotomy (131 cases) or necropsy (9 cases). Before treatment, malignancy was diagnos...

Stomata are two-celled valves that control epidermal pores whose opening and spacing optimizes shoot-atmosphere gas exchange. Arabidopsis stomatal formation involves at least one asymmetric division and one symmetric division. Stomatal formation and patterning are regulated by the frequency and placement of asymmetric divisions. This model system has already led to significant advances in devel...

1. The first, introductory part is a one-minute sequence showing a simulation of Foraminifera – single-celled eukaryotes that occupy marine benthic and pelagic zones from polar to tropic areas. These organisms have an extraordinary fossil record since Cambrian (about 540 million years ago), which makes them an ideal model organism and a microfossil often used for paleoreconstructions and testin...