The cerebellum plays a key role in movement control and in cognition and cerebellar involvement is described in several neurodegenerative diseases. While conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is widely used for brain and cerebellar morphologic evaluation, advanced MRI techniques allow the investigation of cerebellar microstructural and functional characteristics. Volumetry, voxel-based ...

The traditional view that the basal ganglia and cerebellum are simply involved in the control of movement has been challenged in recent years. One of the pivotal reasons for this reappraisal has been new information about basal ganglia and cerebellar connections with the cerebral cortex. In essence, recent anatomical studies have revealed that these connections are organized into discrete circu...

There is growing evidence that the cerebellum is involved in cognition and cognitive development, yet little is known about the developmental relationship between cerebellar structure and cognitive subdomains in children. We used voxel-based morphometry to assess the relationship between cerebellar grey matter (GM) and language, reading, working memory, executive function, and processing speed ...

BACKGROUND We report the clinical and neuroimaging findings of a patient who sustained multiple cerebral infarcts after the ingestion of concentrated hydrogen peroxide solution sold as a "health food" product. CASE DESCRIPTION An 84-year-old man sustained focal neurological deficits immediately after ingesting 30 mL of 35% hydrogen peroxide solution. Physical examination disclosed a left hemi...

Surgical Decompression for Cerebral and Cerebellar Infarcts • Following an infarction in the right cerebral hemisphere, massive cerebral edema developed in a woman and led to a marked intracranial hypertension and to a progressive "uncal and central herniation." The downhill course was reverted with a decompressive operation. Epidural pressure was monitored during the procedure and in the posto...

To clarify the association between oxidative DNA damage and the neurotoxicity of arsenic, the formation of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as an index of oxidative DNA damage in the brain was examined in mice fed with drinking water containing 1 or 2 ppm arsenic, using an HPLC-electrochemical detector and immunohistochemical method. 8-OHdG levels were significantly increased in the brain o...

Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare non-Langerhans form of histiocytosis. Cerebellar involvement is rare in this syndrome. We report a 37-year-old woman with slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia, dysmetria of limbs, nystagmus, and dysarthria, bilateral painful axillary masses, and generalized arthralgia. Brain MRI revealed cerebellar atrophy with focal lesions in the pons, middle cerebellar...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Because of improved visualization of posterior fossa structures with MR imaging, cerebellar malformations are recognized with increasing frequency. Herein we attempt to describe and propose a rational classification of cerebellar malformations. METHODS MR images obtained in 70 patients with cerebellar malformations were retrospectively reviewed. The cerebellar malformat...