The general disenchantment with command-and-control mechanisms led to pressure to experiment with tools of deregulation which encourage the desired behaviour through financial incentives rather than through legal coercion. Eco-labelling can be seen as a representation of this trend to deregulate environmental protection by allowing industry to make the decision of whether or not to apply for th...

Temperature and resource availability are key elements known to limit the occurrence and survival of arthropods in the wild. In the current era of climate change, critical thermal limits and the factors affecting these may be of particular importance. We therefore investigated the critical thermal maxima (CTmax) of adult Zygogramma bicolorata beetles, a biological control agent for the invasive...

Transferring product environmental information to consumer to promote eco-product in the market and to promote sustainable consumption is considered as an important challenge especially according to the Integrated Product Policy (IPP) and the eco-design directive for Energy Using Products (EUP). In this paper the three core areas of consumer analysis on eco-products are identified. In order to ...

Bark beetles (Coleoptera, Scolytinae) have a widespread association with fungi, especially with ophiostomatoid fungi (Ascomycota) that cause blue staining of wood, and in some cases, serious tree diseases. In Fennoscandia, most studies of these fungi have focused on economically important bark beetle species and this is likely to have led to a biased view of the fungal biodiversity in the regio...

This paper studies the relationship between temperature and productivity across space and time. First, using six separate datasets—the annual Current Population Survey (CPS, 1963-2015), the monthly CPS (1994-2014), the Census (1900-2015), the Quarterly Census of Employment andWages (QCEW, 1990-2014), the Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (LEHD, 1997-2014), and the County Business Pattern...

Insect responses to recent climate change are well documented, but the role of resource specialization in determining species vulnerability remains poorly understood. Uncovering local ecological effects of temperature change with high-quality, standardized data provides an important first opportunity for predictions about responses of resource specialists, and long-term time series are essentia...

In recent years we have investigated the evolution of the Holarctic leaf-beetle genus Timarcha using molecular approaches, but to date several important questions remained unanswered, including its systematic arrangement in a temporal context, or the phylogenetic placement of the Nearctic taxa. Here I present a reanalysis of available genetic data together with newly generated data for key taxa...

BACKGROUND It is anticipated that extreme population events, such as extinctions and outbreaks, will become more frequent as a consequence of climate change. To evaluate the increased probability of such events, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms involved. Variation between individuals in their response to climatic factors is an important consideration, especially if microevolution is e...

Predicting future risks of damage by insect pests is an important aspect of forest management. Climate change has the potential to affect forest pests and their impact on trees through higher temperatures, altered precipitation patterns, and more frequent extreme weather events. Warmer temperatures are likely to have complex effects on insects, influencing, among other things, development rate ...

Extensive outbreaks of tree-killing insects are increasing across forests in Europe and North America due to climate change and other factors. Yet, little recent research examines visitor response to visual changes in conifer forest recreation settings resulting from forest insect infestations, how visitors weigh trade-offs between physical and social forest environment factors, or how visitor ...