In this research urogenital complications of 300 veterans with the average age of 32.7+_6.5 years were studied for two years( 1995-1996) . They were selected randomly in Kerman province based  on having at least one exposure to chemical warfare, six to ten years before the study. The control group was selected among the troops whom were not exposed to chemical warfare and had an average age of ...

Military surgical doctrine has traditionally taught that all ballistic wounds should be formally managed by surgical intervention. There is now, however, both experimental and clinical evidence supporting the nonoperative treatment of selected small fragment wounds. Low energytransfer wounds affecting the soft tissues, without neuro-vascular compromise and with stable fracture patterns, may be ...

While chemical warfare agents have been used in military conflict for decades, it is only in the last two decades that increased attention has been paid to the acute and chronic health effects associated with exposure to these agents. The subsequent reports of ill-defined illnesses in the veterans of the Gulf War of 1991, followed by the 1995 sarin terrorist attack in the Japanese subway system...

I was disappointed and saddened by the carelessness of the title ‘Going to war does not have to hurt’ in the June issue of the Journal (Hacker Hughes et al, 2005). One does not even have to mention the considerable number of British casualties in Iraq to realise that this headline is completely ill thought out and a particularly misplaced euphemism that fails to appreciate that war in modern ti...

Background: One of the medical team’s responsibilities is to teach the methods of rescue and aid necessary for casualties who have been injured in disasters. They must be taken away of the place of disaster, transferred, categorized and cured. Methods: Delphi technique was used in this research. Firstly, a number of questions were framed and sent to a number of experts of different majors. They...

In the present work we studied the incidence of fetal deaths among conceptions whose fathers or both parents were survivors of chemical warfare attacks by Iraq. We showed that there was significant correlation between frequency of fetal deaths among conceptions which eventuated after exposure of the parents to gas bombs compared to the frequency of fetal deaths among the control group. Thi...

OBJECTIVE The current conflict in Afghanistan is the first major military action in which the United States and other North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) forces have found themselves regularly engaged in combat at high altitudes. However, high altitude warfare is not a new concept in Asia by any means. METHODS This article will offer a short general historical review of high altitude wa...

background: sulfur mustard (sm) has been considered as a carcinogen in the laboratory studies. however, its carcinogenic effects on human beings were not well discussed. the main purpose of our study is to assess carcinogenesis of sm following acute and/or chronic exposures in human beings. methods: the valid scientific english and persian databases including pubmed, web of science, scopus, ira...